WWII Erupts in Europe

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WWII Erupts in Europe

• Nazi Empire

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War!

• A. Dictators Review
• 1. Hitler, Stalin, Tojo, and Franco
• 2. Fascism and Totalitarianism
• 3. Great Depression
• a. Leads many European nations to trust their
  futures to these leaders.
• Why?
• 1. Leaders promise order, military success,
  jobs, and in some cases, a greater society.

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War!

• B. Germany Expands
• 1. Adolf Hitler- Gains power as chancellor in
  1933
• 2. Part of his Mein Kampf plan is to expand
  German living space by gaining surrounding
  territories.
• 3. This leads to expansion in 3 major areas

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War!

• a. Rhineland- Had been deemed a buffer zone to
  protect France from future German aggression
• b. Austria- Anschluss
• 1. An agreement to be governed by Germany
• 2. Government refused but
• the people welcomed German soldiers!!

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War!

• c. Sudetenland
• 1. Part of Czechoslovakia
• 2. German speaking people
• Appeasement- Giving in to the aggressive
  demands of dictator to avoid further conflict.
• d. Neville Chamberlain- British PM looking to
  avoid any armed conflict with Hitler.
• 1. Allowed Hitler to annex the Sudetenland

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War!

• C. War Erupts
• 1. 1939- Hitler Invades the rest of
  Czechoslovakia
• a. Now, even Chamberlain realizes Hitler can
  not be appeased!
• 2. Allies to Hitler
• a. Italy- Mussolini
• b. Russia (at first!)- Non-Aggression Pact

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War!

• 3. Sept. 1, 1939
• a. Germany attacks Poland!
• b. Blitzkrieg
• 1. Lightning War
• 2. Quick, efficient and destructive
• a. Bombings, then tanks, then ground
  troops to clean up.
• c. England and France declare war on Germany
  Sept. 3, 1939

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War!

• 4. Took one month to defeat Poland
• a. As a reward for the Soviet Non- Aggression
  Pact, Russia got the East half of Poland.
• 5. 1939-1940
• a. Hitler did not attack further (The Phony
  War)
• b. By 1940 however, Hitler invades Denmark and
  Norway, to pave the way to France!

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War!

• D. France
• 1. By now, England and France had planned to
  meet Hitler in Belgium.
• a. Under powered, the Allies were pushed back
  and forced to evacuate over the English channel.
• 1. England evacuated 300,000 men using
  fishing boats and tankers!
• 2. Left behind artillery and tanks

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War!

• 2. France was doomed
• a. After capturing Belgium and the
  Netherlands, Hitler raced through northern
  France and captured Paris!
• b. France surrendered!
• c. Vichy France- France under control of the
  Germans
• 1. French leaders began to cooperate with
  Hitler.

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War!

• E. Battle of Britain
• 1. Now that France had fallen, only Britain
  remained to oppose the Germans!
• 2. This battle was mostly an air war
• a. Fighters
• b. Bombers
• c. Artillery
• 3. The goal was to terrorize the public! To bomb
  civilians