The Deep Roots

1

• The Deep Roots
• of the Two World
• Wars

WWI
WWII
2
The Mixed Ethnicities of Europe

• Ethnic groups arent neatly organized in Europe
  (or anywhere else)
• There have been numerous migrations of people
  into and around Europe at various times in
  history
• Thus groups of people are mixed together
• Examples
• Balkans
• Sudetenland

3
A Noteworthy Ethnic Group- the Jews of Europe

• Ejected from Israel by the Romans in the 1st
  century AD
• Diaspora
• Unwanted pushed around Europe
• Many countries accepted them, then booted them
  out, accepted them again
• Example Spanish ejection of the Moors and Jews
  in the same year Columbus sailed
• Jewish apartness
• Religious beliefs
• culture
• Killers of Christ
• Model minority
• Money lenders
• Why?
• Why did this lead to persecution?
• Devotion to education
• Why?
• Why leads to persecution?

4
Jews of Europe (cont.)

• (model minority, cont.)
• Devotion to education
• Why?
• Why leads to persecution?
• A Long History of Persecution
• Pogroms
• Black death
• Ghettoes in many places until Napoleon

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6
Kingdoms Versus Nations

• Until about 300 years ago, most of Europe was
  divided by political ruler, not ethnicity
• Subjects versus citizen
• Political groups were heterogeneous ethnically
• Habsburg example
• Germans, Slavs (eastern Europe/Russia), and Gauls
  (French) were some of the largest ethnic groups
• For 1000 yrs after the fall of the Roman Empire,
  the German ethnic group was divided into 300 weak
  states
• The Holy Roman Empire
• Central goal of many in Europe (for example, the
  French) was to keep Germany divided into these
  300 states
• Why?

7
The Rise of Nationalism

• Age of Nationalism
• Started in 19th century
• Political entities should be defined by ethnic
  group
• Nationalism upset the European balance of power
• Germany unified under Bismarck
• Prussian Leadership
• Sparta of the North
• Militaristic
• Germany is now the largest nation on the continent

8
The German Behemoth

• Germany leapt into the Industrial Revolution
• Quickly became 2nd or 3rd ish behind Britain/U.S.
• German nationalism peaked
• Deutschland uber alles
• Bitter legacy of manipulation from the outside
• Thirty Years War, Napoleon, etc.
• Bitterness of having missed out mostly in
  imperial land grab in Africa/Asia
• Ironically, the Jewish situation wasnt bad
  (relatively) in 19th century Germany

9

• Germany, Germany above all,Above all in the
  world,When, for protection and defense, it
  alwaystakes a brotherly stand together.From the
  Meuse to the Memel,From the Adige to the
  Belt,Germany, Germany above everything,  Above
  everything in the world.

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11
Social Darwinisms Impact on Nationalism in the
19th Century

• Darwins ideas

Boo!
Yay!
VS
Survival of the Fittest among animal species
12
1870 Franco-Prussian War

• Germany defeated its old nemesis, France
• Starvation and shelling of Paris
• Humiliating treaty (for France)
• Afterwards Bismarck's goal was to keep France
  isolated
• He knew they want revenge
• Bismarck fired by Wilhelm II
• Wilhelm II dunderhead
• Allowed France to make alliances with Russia and
  Britain
• Messed with British dominance
• Guarantees Germans A Place in the sun
• Naval arms race

13
In 1914 WWI erupted

• Result of M.A.I.N.
• Militarism
• Arms race of new industrial-age weapons
• Alliance
• Any outbreak could cascade into a giant war
• Imperialism
• Struggle for the best colonies
• Nationalism
• Intense patriotism
• Social Darwinism
• New kind of war
• total war
• stalemate
• Germans attack first

14
Hansen Name _____________WWII Per
______ Lecture 2 - Deep Roots of the Two World
Wars Note-taking Guide

• The Mixed Ethnicities of Europe
• Ethnic groups arent ____________________________
  _____________________________________________
• There have been _______________________ of people
  into and around Europe at various times in
  history
• Thus groups of people are mixed together
• Examples
• ___________
• Sudetenland
• A Noteworthy Ethnic Group- the Jews of Europe
• Ejected from Israel by the _______ in the
  ___century AD
• Diaspora- _____________________________________
• Unwanted pushed around Europe
• Many countries ______________, then
  _____________, __________________ again
• Example Spanish ejection of the Moors and Jews
  in the same year Columbus sailed
• Jewish apartness
• __________________
• __________________
• __________________
• Model minority

• A Long History of Persecution
• Pogroms - __________________________
• Black death - _________________________
  ____________________________________
• Ghettoes in many places until _______________
• Kingdoms versus Nations
• Until about 300 years ago, most of Europe was
  divided by _______________________________________
  ______
• Subjects versus citizen - ____________________
  ________________________________________
  ________________________________________
• Political groups were heterogeneous ethnically
• Habsburg example
• _____________, __________(eastern Europe/Russia),
  and __________(French) were some of the largest
  ethnic groups
• For 1000 yrs after the fall of the Roman Empire,
  the German ethnic group was ______________________
  ____
• The Holy ___________ Empire
• Central goal of many in Europe (for example,
  __________) was to keep Germany
  _____________________________
• Why?- ___________________________________
  _________________________________________
• The Rise of Nationalism
• Age of Nationalism
• Started in _______________

15

• The Rise of Nationalism
• Germany leapt into the Industrial Revolution
• Quickly became ____________________ behind
  ____________________________
• German nationalism peaked
• Deutschland uber alles - ________
  _____________________________
• Bitter legacy of __________________ from the
  outside
• Thirty Years War, Napoleon, etc.
• Bitterness of having missed out mostly
  __________________ ___________________in
  Africa/Asia
• Ironically, the Jewish situation wasnt bad
  (relatively) in 19th century Germany
• Social Darwinisms Impact on Nationalism in the
  19th Century
• Darwins ideas _____________________________
  _________________________________________
  _________________________________________
• Impact on Nationalism and minority groups? _____
  _________________________________________
  _________________________________________
• 1870 Franco-Prussian War
• Germany defeated its old nemesis, ___________
• Starvation and shelling _______________
• _____________________ treaty (for France)
• Afterwards Bismarck's goal was to keep France
  ________

• Messed with British dominance
• Guarantees Germans A Place in the sun -
  ___________________________________
  ___________________________________
• Naval arms race - ____________________
  ___________________________________
• In 1914 WWI Erupted
• Result of M.A.I.N.
• Militarism
• ____________________________ _____________________
  _______
• Alliance
• Any outbreak could ____________
  ____________________________
• Imperialism
• Struggle for the best ___________
• Nationalism
• Intense _________________
• Social Darwinism
• New kind of war
• total war- ____________________________
  ____________________________________
• Stalemate- ___________________________
  _____________________________________