United States pre-W.W.II Foreign Policy

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United States pre-W.W.II Foreign Policy

• 1933-1941

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Nye Committee report The Merchants of Death

• U.S. loans to European Allies compelled U.S. to
  enter the war.
• Default of Allies on the war debt
• Prohibit U.S. banks from making future loans

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Congress RespondsNeutrality Law 1935

• No loans
• No trade
• No travel

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Recognition of the Soviet Union

• Trade established
• Better to have as a friend than a foe
• It was long overdue

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Philippine Independence

• Gradual withdrawal from the island nation by US
  interests -
• Maintain control over the military bases in the
  Philippines
• Mutual respect
• Independence delayed and changed

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Reciprocal Trade Agreements

• US tariff reductions helps boost trade with our
  Latin neighbors
• We all benefit economically and politically from
  this policy.
• Helps spur US overseas markets

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Good Neighbor Policy

• US belief that its better to win friends than
  beat up enemies
• We cant afford to keep troops deployed overseas
• Helps cement friendships at a critical time in
  world history

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American Isolationism and the Great Depression

• Due to our desire to remain isolated from the
  world around us, the world slips slowly into
  conflict.
• Once again, Europe is engulfed by the specter of
  war.
• War erupts on many fronts- Africa and the Far
  East.
• Some use war as a means of economic recovery
  while others are victimized by it.

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The Rise of Totalitarianism
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Benito Mussolini

• Took power in Italy in the 1920s
• Promised a return to greatness
• Invoked the days of ancient Rome
• Early conquest was Ethiopia
• The weak link in the Axis alliance

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Joseph Stalin

• Came to power after the death of Lenin
• Ruled with an iron fist over the Soviet people
• Purged his general staff leaving his military
  weak
• Very paranoid

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Emperor Hirohito

• Considered a god by his people
• Due to his youth, he is easily swayed by the
  military leaders of Japan
• Leads his country on an expansionist policy

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Francisco Franco

• Came to power after victory in the Spanish Civil
  War (1936-39)
• Aided by the Nazis, Italians
• Opposed by the Soviets
• Abraham Lincoln Brigade

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Adolf Hitler

• Took power in 1933
• Opened the first concentration camp Dachau in
  33
• S.A. and S.S. and Gestapo help control the people

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The Road to WWII

• Japanese Invasion of Manchuria-1931
• Italian invasion of Ethiopia-1935
• German re-militarization of the Rhineland-1936
• Japanese assault on China proper-1937

• Spanish-Civil War-1936-39 (dress rehearsal for
  WWII)
• German annexation of Austria, invasion of
  Czechoslovakia- 1938-1939
• German invasion of Poland-9/1/39