Dissection Guide to the Rat

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Dissection Guide to the Rat

• The Norway rat
• (Rattus norvegicus)

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Rat Dissection
RATS

• Scientific Name Rattus norvegicus
• Common Name Rat
• Kingdom- Animalia
• Phylum- Chordata
• Subphylum- Vertebrata
• Class- Mammalia
• Order- Rodentia
• Family Muridae

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Anatomical Terms

• Cranial-toward the head
• Caudal-toward the tail
• Dorsal-toward the backbone
• Ventral-toward the belly side
• Lateral-toward the side
• Medial-toward the middle
• Proximal closer to the the base of a structure
• Distal farther away from a structure

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External Anatomy

• The body is long and cylindrical
• Head, neck, trunk, anterior limbs, posterior
  limbs, tail.

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External Anatomy

• Head eyes, nostrils, external ears (auriculars),
  mouth, whiskers.
• Neck (head , trunk).
• Trunk (thorax, abdomen).
• Ant. limbs 4 digits
• Post. limbs 5 digits

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Male External Features
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Female External Features
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Mouth Cavity
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Rat Dissecting Process
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Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
X
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Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
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Rat Dissection
REMOVING SKIN
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Internal Anatomy
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Rat Dissection
Lesson One
Digestive System
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Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY
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Rat Dissection
ORAL CAVITY
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Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CAVITY
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
DIGESTIVE ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
Lesson Two
Urinogenital System
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Rat Dissection
EXCRETORY ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
UROGENITAL ORGANS
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Rat Dissection
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

1. Stomach
2. Kidney
3. Ovary
4. Oviduct
5. Uterine Horn
6. Rectum
7. Urinary Bladder

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Rat Dissection
MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

• 1. Coagulating Gland
• 2. Urinary Bladder
• 3. Vas Deferens
• 4. Epididymis
• 5. Small Intestines
• 6. Seminal Vesicle
• 7. Prostate Gland
• 8. Penis
• 9. Testis
• 10.Scrotum

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Key words and Functions

• Seminal vesicle secrete thick liquid to
  transport sperms.
• Coagulating gland is to secrete fluids to form
  the copulatory plug to help ensure fertilization.
• Prostate gland secrets thin alkaline solution.
• Vas deferens transportation, ejaculation.
• Epididymis transportation, maturation, ejac.

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• Cowpers gland secretions may lubricate, flush
  out urine or form gelatinous plug.
• The preputial glands produce pheromones.
• The preputial glands of female animals are
  sometimes called clitoral glands.
• Testis sperm production.
• Penis Copulation.
• Scrotum protection.

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Rat Dissection
Lesson Three
Circulatory System
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Rat Dissection
HEART
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To LUNGS
To BODY
From BODY
To LUNGS
From LUNGS
From LUNGS
From BODY

1. Blue is deoxygenated blood (from the body, going
   to the lungs)
2. Red is oxygenated blood (from the lungs, going to
   the body)
3. Arteries are thick walled
4. Veins are thin walled

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Rat Dissection
THORACIC CAVITY

1. Trachea
2. Heart
3. Lung
4. Diaphragm

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Rat Dissection
RESPIRATORY ORGANS
Esophagus
Carotid
Jugular
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Rat Dissection
HEART LUNGS
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Arterial System
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Rat Dissection
Rat Thoracic Arteries
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Venous System
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Venous System
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Rat Dissection
THORACIC CAVITY
 
 
 
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Rat Dissection
Rat Abdominal Cavity
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Rat Dissection
ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION

• 1. Abdominal Aorta
• 2. Renal Artery (left)
• 3. Renal Vein (left)
• 4. Inferior Vena Cava
• 5. Hepatic PortalVein

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Rat Dissection
Lesson Four
Endocrine System
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Rat Dissection
Lesson Five
Nervous System
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Organizational Levels of the Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS) Brain and Spinal
Cord Control and Integration Center
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Nerves from
brain and spinal cord Communication lines
between CNS and rest of body
Motor (efferent) Division Motor Neurons
Sends stimulus from CNS to muscles (and glands)
Sensory (afferent) Division Body Receptors
Sends stimulus from receptors to CNS
Autonomic Nervous System Involuntary
Control Conducts impulses from the
CNS to involuntary muscles
Somatic Nervous System Voluntary
Control Sends stimulus from CNS to
skeletal muscles
Sympathetic Division Fight or Flight
Mobilizes involuntary systems during
emergencies
Parasympathetic Division Resting and Digesting
Promotes non-emergency involuntary
functioning
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Nervous System
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Rat Dissection
Lesson Six
Skeletal System
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