Title: The Start of the Civil War
1The Start of the Civil War
2Secession! SC? Dec. 20, 1860
3Fort Sumter Lead Up
- Confederate officials began seizing federal-mint
branches, arsenals, and military posts. - Fort Sumter was a Federal outpost in Charleston,
SC.
4Fort Sumter The Dilemma
- Confederate forces asked for its surrender.
- Lincoln 2 choices
- Force way to reinforce Ft.
- Evacuate Ft.
- Lincoln refused and sent ships with supplies.
- Jefferson Davis 2 choices
- Do nothing
- Attack
5Fort Sumter April 12, 1861
- Confederate cannons began firing on April 12,
1861. - Fort Sumter in 34 hours.
- The Civil War began
6The Next Wave of Secession
- Lincoln called for 75,000 troops
- VA not willing to fight other Southern states,
seceded. - WV created by counties who disagreed
- NC, AK, and TN followed
- MD, DE, KY, and MO did not secede, but many in
state had secessionist sentiments
7Rating the North South
8Slave/Free States Population, 1861
9Railroad Lines, 1860
10Resources North South
11Men Present for Duty in the Civil War
12The Union Confederacy in 1861
13Secession! Post Fort Sumter
14Overview of Northern Advantages
- Larger population
- North 22 million
- South Only 9 million
- More ships
- Larger, more efficient railroad system
- Lincoln - Very intelligent and dedicated
- More industry - 81 of nations factories
- Better banking system to raise for the war
- 75 of nations wealth
15Overview of Northern Advantages
- Wealth produced
- Factory production
- Textile goods produced
- Iron production
- Coal production
- Farm acreage
- Draft animals
- Livestock
- Wheat production
- Corn production
16Overview of Northern Disadvantages
- Fought on Southern lands
- Divided support for the war
- Many believed the South had good chance of winning
17Overview of Southern Advantages
- Fighting a defensive war
- Local support of all men
- familiarity with terrain
- Motivation seeking independence, unified support
- Short communication lines/ friendly population
- Experienced officer corps- (Lee, Jackson,
Pickett) - Cotton - necessary for textile factories of
England and France - Slave Labor in the early part of the war
18Overview of Southern Disadvantages
- Smaller population
- Few factories to manufacture weapons and supplies
- Poor transportation system
- Weak federal government not strong enough to
control Southern states - Jefferson Davis did not have complete power like
Lincoln
19OverviewNorthsCivil WarStrategy AnacondaPl
an
Goal surround the Confederacy and squeeze them
into submission
20The Anaconda Plan
- Capture Richmond and force surrender
- Expel Confederates from border states
- Control of the Mississippi River to Stop the
transport of - soldiers
- Weapons
- Ammunition
- Clothes
- Food
- other supplies needed
- Blockade southern ports to stop
- cotton shipments
- supplies from foreign nations
21Southern Strategy
- Goal to be recognized as an independent nation
in order to preserve their way of life - Defend its homeland, holding onto as much
territory as possible until the North got tired
of fighting - Capture Washington, D.C.
- Control border states
- Gain England's support
- Expel Union troops from South