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Reconstruction%20of%20America%20post-Civil%20War

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Reconstruction of America post-Civil War Objective: Students will review vocabulary of the Civil War in order to connect its significance to Reconstruction. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Reconstruction%20of%20America%20post-Civil%20War


1
Reconstruction of America post-Civil War
  • Objective Students will review vocabulary of the
    Civil War in order to connect its significance to
    Reconstruction. Students will also be introduced
    to Reconstruction and analyze how Reconstruction
    affected different Americans.
  • WARM UP Take the vocabulary word you were
    assigned and
  • 1. Define the word and its significance to the
    topic of slavery/Civil War
  • 2. ILLUSTRATE the word to help you understand the
    definition (stick-figures are fine)

2
Overview of the Civil War
  • Goals and Strategies to winning the war
  • North (Not all Northerners were abolitionists,
    so Lincoln had to define goals carefully)
  • TO SAVE THE UNION
  • South to be left alone with slavery unchanged
  • (had to prepare for invasion from the North)
  • COTTON DIPLOMACY Greatest strength of the South
    was their production of cotton (Exported to the
    North and Europe)
  • Tried to use cotton as bargaining tool to get
    financial help from the British

3
Emancipation Proclamation
  • January 1st, 1863 Abraham Lincoln issue the
    statement/document
  • The Proclamation freed the slaves in all areas
    that were in rebellion against the United States
  • Allowed slavery to continue in states that were
    still in the Union
  • And it didnt apply to areas that had already
    been conquered from the Confederates.
  • WHY WAS IT IMPORTANT THAN?

4
Freedmen in North vs. Conscription in South
  • Conscription The draft (forced service in
    military)
  • - The Confederate Army enacted the first draft
    in American history in April 1862
  • - At first it was men between 18-35, by end of
    war it was 17-50 years old
  • - Dodging the Draft () Became a poor mans
    war
  • Freedmen emancipated slaves
  • - Emancipation Proclamation encouraged freedmen
    to serve in the Unions military
  • - Served in segregated units in the North
  • NORTH LOT OF SOLDIERS vs. SOUTH LACK OF
    SOLDIERS TO FIGHT

5
(No Transcript)
6
Reconstruction of the United States after the
Civil War
  • Ms. Power
  • US HISTORY II

7
Answer the following questions with your partner
  • What do you think freedom meant to the slaves?

8
Answer the following questions with your partner
  • Was freedom a reality after the Civil War?

9
  • Did all ex-slaves gain equal treatment after they
    gained their freedom?
  • If not, what factors contributed to the different
    treatment?

10
Reconstruction after the Civil War
  • South was devastated in the war
  • Economically broke
  • Physically TORN UP landscape, farms ruined
  • Nothing like FEMA in 1865 (Federal Emergency Aid)
  • Morally defeated Lost war, under Norths
    control
  • Millions of new citizens with little capital
    (money) or education/marketable skills
  • How to bring these states back into the Union was
    the major question of Reconstruction
  • - North decided to control/oversee rebuilding
    process of the South (new laws, new agencies)

11
Atlanta after the Civil War
12
Devastation of the South
  • Troops trampled through and fought battles
    throughout the South
  • Property loss
  • Farms valued at less
  • Land seized
  • Land ruined by neglect (no men, no slaves)

13
Freedmans Bureau
  • Set up at the end of the war to help the
    thousands of blacks and white southerners
    uprooted by the fighting

14
Freedmans Bureau helped freed slaves find jobs
and deal with hardships
15
African American hardships after the Civil War
  • No money, no education, no established system of
    support
  • Freedmans Bureau tried to help with jobs and
    complaints
  • Not enough resources, tensions in the South
  • Unfair contracts
  • SHARECROPPING and TENNANT FARMING
  • BLACK CODES ? People couldnt get OUT of their
    work contracts, no matter how bad things were

16
Freedmans Bureau tried to settle differences in
the South
17
Lincolns Reconstruction vs. Congress
  • Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction (1863)
  • 10 Percent Plan
  • Wade-Davis Bill
  • Lincoln vetoed the Bill
  • Upset A LOT of his supporters

18
Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth
19
Funeral on Pennsylvania Ave
20
(No Transcript)
21
Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction
  • Humble backround like Lincoln, but a Southerner
  • Hatred for elite planting class
  • Wanted all rich southerners to be pardoned by the
    President to be let back in Union
  • No set or of people in a state had to express
    loyalty before being let back in Union
  • Southerners liked it, but Northerns thought he
    wasnt HARSH enough

22
Black Codes laws designed to keep freedmen
dependent on whites
23
KKK
  • Ku Klux Klan
  • Started in1866

24
13, 14, 15 Amendment
  • 13 Prohibits slavery
  • 14 Granted citizenship to all persons born or
    naturalized in the U.S.A.
  • June 1866
  • 15 Guaranteed every MALE had the right to vote
  • No vote for women

25
Impeachment
  • Charging President with a crime once impeached
    by the House of Representatives, the President is
    tried by the Senate (2/3 vote needed)
  • 2 President in our history have been impeached

26
Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
  • Scalawags a scoundrel and traitor in the eyes of
    former Confederates
  • Carpetbaggers Those from the North who came
    south to take part in the regions political and
    economic rebirth.
  • Southerners scorned them as UNWANTED, and
    sticking their heads where they didnt belong
  • Carpet bag was a large, cheap suitcase

27
Opportunity for African Americans during
Reconstruction
28
Opportunities
  • Look on page 419
  • What kind of opportunities where available for
    freed slaves and other African Americans that
    werent there before the War

29
Southern Homestead Act
  • 45 million acres of government owned lang in
    southern states would be provided for African
    Amerians
  • But few freedmen had the MEANS to buy seed,
    animals, equipment (stuff other than the land)
  • Only about 4,000 families took advantage of the
    offer

30
Sharecropping and tenant farming
  • Never-ending cycle of debt and dependency
  • Sharecropping Instead of working for wages,
    workers received a share of their employers crop
  • Employer provided land, seed, tools, a mule and a
    cabin to live in
  • Could charge more for supplies than workers were
    getting back in their percentage
  • Tenant Farming rented the land they farmed from
    the landowner (Grew whatever crops they wanted to
    grow)

31
Violent opposition to change in the South
  • KKK white social hierarchy
  • Main target was African Americans, but terrorized
    whites as well with threats, house burnings and
    murder
  • Murdered thousands of people who were working to
    change the social, economic and political make up
    of the South (intergrate)
  • Many people (carpetbaggers, African Americans)
    resigned from political positions in fear

32
Enforcement Acts
  • Laws passed to set penalties for blocking a
    qualified person from voting
  • Many southerners claimed they squashed individual
    freedom

33
Reconstruction starts to crumble
  • 1865-1877 12 years and there still was little
    peace/prosperity in the South
  • Northerners were dismayed by the lack of progress
  • African Americans were still stuck in poverty
  • Southerners were dismayed by their regions poor
    economic condition

34
Decisions of the Supreme Court weakened
Reconstruction
  • Slaughterhouse Case (1873)
  • Civil Rights was a STATE issue
  • United States v. Cruikshank (1876)
  • 14th Amendment did not give federal govt. power
    to punish whites who denied rights to African
    Americans (???!!!)
  • United States v. Reese
  • 15th Amendment did not protect voting rights if
    they were denied for another reason

35
15th Amendment
  • Right for all MALES to vote
  • U.S. VS. Reese 15th Amendment doesnt protect
    voting rights if they are denied for another
    reason
  • GRANDFATHER CLAUSE
  • POLL TAX
  • OBSCURE LOCATION OF VOTING BOOTH

36
Reconstruction loopholes
  • Jim Crow Laws
  • Black Codes
  • Lack of funds in Freedmens Bureau tied poor
    economic conditions of freedmen

37
Jim Crow
38
Redeemers
  • By 1876 only South Carolina, Lousianna and
    Florida remained under Republican rule and
    Federal control (Federal troops)
  • In the other states Democratic REDEEMERS ran the
    governments they worked to win back their
    states from the Republican rule

39
Elections and Compromises
  • Election of 1876
  • Tilden wins by a small margin (too small to count
    as a win)
  • 20 DISPUTED votes (voting fraud, confusion)
  • Compromise of 1877
  • Rutherford B. Hayes for President in return for
    the END of Reconstruction efforts in the South
    (removal of troops)

40
Changed Lives During Reconstruction
  • With a partner read and explore the documents on
    page 428 and 429
  • Then answer question number 4 together.
  • Only one sheet is required to turn in for each
    group.
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