The Invasion Of Lebanon

1
The Invasion Of Lebanon

• By Mitchell McLaughlin

2
The War Begins

• June 6 1982 Israel forces invaded Southern
  Lebanon
• This was called Operation Peace for
  Galilee
• The Israel Defense Forces were directed by Ariel
  Sharon, Israels Defense Minister

3
Israels Rational

• The PLO did around 200 terrorist attacks to
  Israelis on the border and around the world
• The Israeli ambassador to England was almost shot
  and killed by PLO Terrorist in England
• Soon before the fighting President Reagan
  encouraged the Israeli President to avoid
  conflict

4
The Israeli Invasion

• The main focus was to drive back Palestinian
  Liberation Organization (PLO) troops
• Israel wanted to keep the troops 25 miles away
  from the Lebanon-Israel border
• Israelis were helped by Lebanese Christian
• extremists - Phalangists

5
The Opposing Force

• The PLO was the main fighting force against
  Israelis
• Syrian troops were helping the PLO
• Lebanese Muslim extremists were also involved
  against Israel

6
The Neutral Force

• The Lebanese government stayed neutral during the
  entire conflict
• Most of soldiers of the Lebanese army defected to
  fight on the Palestinian side of this conflict

7
Background Leading Up to the Conflict

• Many Palestinians refugees were crossing into
  Southern Lebanon
• Tensions were already tense and the Philangilist
  fighters (Christians) were having disputes with
  increased amount of refugees

8
PLO Statistics

• 1500 troops
• 80 tanks
• 100 to 200 artillery canons
• Most of the tanks and artillery weapons were
  immobile and used instead as pill boxes

9
Syria Forces Statistics

• 30,000 troops
• 600 tanks
• 19 Surface to Air missiles (SAMS)

10
Israeli Statistics

• 78,000 troops
• 1,240 tanks
• 1,500 armored personnel carriers

11
Neutral Lebanon Army Statistics

• 10,000 troops (after defections from Lebanon
  military)
• Most of this armys equipment was taken by the
  defectors

12
Casualties

• Israel - 368 killed, 2,383 wounded
• PLO - 1,500 killed (unknown wounded) 8,000
  captured
• Syria - 1,200 killed, 3,000 wounded plus 296
  captured

13
Casualties Continued

• Lebanon - 17,825 civilians killed and nearly
  30,000 wounded
• Foreigners - 1800 foreigners and mercenaries were
  captured

14
The Sabra and Shatila Massacres

• Israeli troops guided the Phalangist into the
  refugee camp to kill PLO terrorists
• The terrorist targets were not there

15
The Massacres continued

• What the Phalangist fighters did was kill 800
  civilians
• There were only 2 Phalangist casualties
• After inquiry, Ariel Sharon, Israeli Defense
  Minister, was found responsible for not stopping
  attacks

16
Conclusion of War

• May 17, 1983 The USA assisted Israel in making
  an accord to leave Lebanon and to begin
  patrolling the Lebanese border
• War was considered an Israeli victory over the
  Palestinians

17
US Interests in Region

• The US and President Ronald Reagan wanted to keep
  peace in this region
• US did not fully agree with Israels actions but
  still wanted to maintain Israels allegiance to
  US

18
VIDEO

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vu9OVvm8iAA4feature
  related

19

• Bibliography
• Mitchell McLaughlin
•  
• Heller, Peter B. "Middle East and North America."
  Http//history.salempress.com/. Salem Press. Web.
  14 Sept. 2011. http//history.salempress.com/doi/f
  ull/10.3331/1980_482?prevSearch255BAllField253A
  2B19802Blebanese2Bcivil2Bwar255DsearchHistor
  yKeyqueryHashfdb1c948177e413625a57233b612cb24gt.
  
• I used this site to gather general information on
  my subject
•  
• Joyce, Anne. "Editor's Note." Http//go.galegroup
  .com/ps/. General OneFile., Sept. 2002. Web. 14
  Sept. 2011. lthttp//go.galegroup.com/ps/retrieve.d
  o?sgHitCountTypeNonesortDA-SORTinPStrueprodI
  dGPSuserGroupName5250pvhstabIDT002searchIdR
  3resultListTypeRESULT_LISTcontentSegmentsearc
  hTypeBasicSearchFormtPosition14contentSetGALE
  7CA91660172docIdGALEA91660172docTypeGALEro
  leITOFgt.
• I used this article for a academic journal source
  and background knowledge and a primary source
•   
• "Hezbollah." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopdia
  Britannica Online School Edition.
• Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 14
  Sept. 2011.
• lthttp//www.school.eb.com/eb/article-9384132gt. I
  used this for background information
•   
• "Arab-Israeli wars." Compton's by Britannica.
  Encyclopdia Britannica Online School Edition.
• Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2011. Web. 15
  Sept. 2011.
• lthttp//www.school.eb.com/all/comptons/article-225
  909gt. I used this for general knowledge on the
  subject
•  
• BBC. "BBC ON THIS DAY 30 1982 PLO Leader
  Forced from Beirut." BBC News - Home. Web. 15
  Sept. 2011. lthttp//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/da
  tes/stories/august/30/newsid_2536000/2536441.stmgt.
  

20
Bibliography - ContinuedMitchell
McLaughlinQuandt, William B. "Battling for
Peace A Memoir." Foreign Affairs 74.5 (1995)
176. Gale Power Search. Web. 15 Sep.
2011.Document URLhttp//go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do
?idGALE7CA17385811v2.1u5250pvhsitrpGPS
sww I used this as a primary source  Shaoul,
Jean. "Sharon's War Crimes in Lebanon the
Record." World Socialist Web Site. Web. 15 Sept.
2011. lthttp//www.wsws.org/articles/2002/feb2002/s
ab-f22.shtmlgt. I used it for a quote about the
international reaction 1985, January. "Lebanon
1982 The Imbalance Of Political Ends And
Military Means." GlobalSecurity.org - Reliable
Security Information. Web. 15 Sept. 2011.
lthttp//www.globalsecurity.org/military/library/re
port/1985/DTM.htmgt. ii used this source to find
info about how the fighting happened Bard,
Mitchell. "The Lebanon War." Jewish Virtual
Library - Homepage. Web. 15 Sept. 2011.
lthttp//www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Histo
ry/Lebanon_War.htmlgt. I used this for research
on Israeli foreign policy BBC. "BBC NEWS
Middle East Flashback Sabra and Shatila
Massacres." BBC News - Home. 24 Jan. 2002. Web.
15 Sept. 2011. lthttp//news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_
east/1779713.stmgt. i used this source for
information regarding prior events to the war