17th and 18th Centuries Turbulent Times

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17th and 18th CenturiesTurbulent Times

• 1625
• 1798

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Rulers of the Era (1625-1798)

• James I 1603-1625
• first Stuart
• Ruled after Elizabeth I (the last Tudor)
• Son of Mary, Queen of Scots
• Charles I (1625-1649)
• Son of James I
• Ruled by Divine Right
• Civil War (1642-1649)
• Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
• Beheaded
• Oliver Cromwell (1649-1659)
• Puritan leader
• Commonwealth / Lord Protector

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Rulers of the Era (the Restoration)

• Charles II (1660-1685)
• Merry Monarch
• Son of Charles I
• Fathered many illegitimate children
• Plague and Great Fire of London
• James II 1685-1688)
• Brother of Charles II
• Hated for persecuting Protestants
• The Glorious Revolution (1688)
• William of Orange asked to take throne
• Ruled jointly with Mary (daughter of James II)

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Rulers of the Era (1625-1798)

• William of Orange and Mary (1689-1702)
• Anne (1702-1714)
• Second daughter of James I
• 17 children all died
• Hanover House (1714-1901)
• George I (1714-1727)
• From Germany
• George II (1727-1760)
• George III (1760-1820)
• American Revolution

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Names for the Era

• English Civil War
• Puritans vs. Royalist / Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
• English Commonwealth
• Oliver Cromwell
• Restoration
• Following Cromwells death Charles II takes
  throne
• Glorious Revolution
• Charles II replaced by William of Orange and Mary
  II

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Names for the Era

• Agricultural Revolution
• Farm tools produced more crops
• Industrial Age
• Steam engine and power loom
• The Enlightenment
• Sir Isaac Newton
• Age of Reason
• John Locke

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Founding of the Church of England

• (1509-1660)
• Secession from Catholic Church Henry VIII
• Reformed by Protestant Reformation Edward VI
• Returned to Catholicism Mary I
• Reestablished Elizabeth I
• Warred Over Charles I and Cromwell
• Restored Charles II

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Social Advancements

• Growth of the merchant class
• Power of Parliament
• Bill of Rights
• Population growth
• Industrial inventions
• Scientific revolution
• Enlightened thinking

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The debate about women
Eves Apology in Defense of Women Amelia Lanier
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Haves and have nots

• The Aristocrats

• The Working Class

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Literary Advancements

• Continued growth of the theatre
• Continued expansion of poetic forms
• Creation of metaphysical poetry i.e.
  intellectual poetry
• Writing of epic religious poetry
• Poetry used for social commentary
• Growth of satire
• Invention of the novel
• Advancements in etymology

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Major Writers of the Era

• John Milton
• Paradise Lost
• Jonathan Swift
• A Modest Proposal
• Gullivers Travels
• Alexander Pope
• The Rape of the Lock

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Major Writers of the Era

• Samuel Johnson
• Dictionary of the English Language
• Ben Jonson
• Carpe Diem poetry
• Samuel Richardson
• Pamela

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Major Writers of the Era

• Thomas Gray
• Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard
• Robert Herrick
• To the Virgins to Make Much of Time
• Andrew Marvel
• To His Coy Mistress

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Major writers of the era

• Joseph Addison
• The Spectator
• Richard Steele
• The Tatler

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What fueled the era
COFFEE!!!