New England

1
New England

• By Danielle Lapointe, Samantha Cohen, Lauren
  Chorniak, Adam Strachan, and Michelle Briffett

2
New England
Maine
Vermont
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
3
Puritan Versus Separatist Beliefs

• Both
• Anglican Church Roman Catholic Church
• Puritans
• Wanted to reform Anglican Church
• Separatists
• Wanted to create a new church

4
Dissenters

• Dissenter- One who refuses to accept the
  doctrines or usages of an established or a
  national church, especially a Protestant who
  dissents from the Church of England.

5
The Pilgrims

• 1607? Holland? Religious Freedom
• Wanted to keep religion, culture, and language
• 1619? London Company?Virginia

6
The Mayflower

• September 1620? Virginia
• Storm set them off course to Massachusetts
• Mayflower Compact

7

• Puritan Massachusetts

8
Puritan Massachusetts

• King Charles 1
• Who is he??
• In the 27th March 1625 he became king of England
  as well as Scotland and Ireland.
• He was power hungry and always struggled for
  power with the parliament. Many in England feared
  that he was trying to get absolute power.

9
Puritan Massachusetts

• King Charles 1
• King Charles controlled religion and made
  changes to the church of England. In particular
  however, he oppressed the Puritans.

10
Puritan Massachusetts

• Puritan
• Puritan is anyone seeking purity of religion and
  doctrine.
• Starting in the 16th and 17th century England,
  these people rejected the reformation of the
  Chuch of England. If the people could not locate
  biblical authorization they rejected the teaching
  thus being called a Puritan.

11
Puritan Massachusetts

• Puritan ministers were deprived of their pulpits.
  King Charles would not supply them with the needs
  to support the religion. So the Puritan ministers
  turned to American to get their equipment.
• ? Pulpits are the small elevated platform that
  clergies stand on to read the bible.

12
Puritan Massachusetts

• The Puritan ministers were not going to give up.
  They were determined to get their pulpits. So, a
  few prominent Puritans bought a trading company.
  They changed the name of the company from
  Dorchester Company to Massachusetts Bay
  Company.
• They then secured a charter directly from the
  king. They needed to be independent of the King
  in order to practice their cult. The agreement
  was signed by 12 members of the church, led by
  John Winthrop, in 1629 in Cambridge.
• A charter is a written agreement of rights, an
  immunity or and exemption.

13
Puritan Massachusetts

• After signing the Cambridge agreement, they
  immigrated to New England. This Massachusetts
  Bay Company was the only
• Chartered colonization companies not subject to
  the control of the governors in England.

14
Puritan Massachusetts

• Although this business was set up to trade, it
  turned almost immediately to religion. This was
  the beginning of a Christian society that
  believed was the lighthouse for all the world.
  Puritans from all over sailed to Massachusetts.
  In 1630, arrived 17 ships with 1000 puritans.
  Over the next 10 years over 20000 settlers
  arrived. Towns such as Dorchester, Boston,
  Roxbury, Watertown and Charlestown were filled
  with people.

15
Puritan Massachusetts

• JOHN WINTHROP
• 12th Jan 1587- 26th March 1649
• Governor of Massachusetts.
• Emphasized the Christian society created in
  Massachusetts would be a lighthouse for all the
  world and a beacon of hope.
• we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of
  all people are upon us.

16
Puritan Massachusetts

• Congregationalists
• Congregation a group of people who adhere to a
  common faith and regularly attend a church.
• The Puritans organized their churches under
  ministers elected by each congregation created.
• The Puritans compared themselves to the Anglican
  Church, however compared to the Anglican Church,
  the Puritan ministers had less authority.

17
Puritan Massachusetts

• Anglicanism churches with historical
  connection with the church of England.
• Unlike the Anglican church, the members of
  the Puritan church had the final say in the
  church decision.

18
The First Thanksgiving

• In 1621 the survivors elected Bradford as
  governor
• After planting crops and receiving a good harvest
  in the fall as well as provisions on the ship
  Fortune, thanksgiving was inspired
• Characterized by the colonies ability to endure
  and strength of religion thanksgiving continues
  to prosper

19
Rhode Island

• In 1631 Roger Williams arrived in Massachusetts
  Bay Colony, where he became pastor of a church in
  Salem
• He challenged ideas about church and state
  connection, Native land rights, and Puritan
  leaders roles in land rights
• He was banished and in 1936 he started the colony
  of Rhode Island
• The colony (chartered in 1644) welcomed Jews and
  Christians.
• Church and state were separated-this played an
  important part in the history national politics

20
Congregationalists A Protestant denomination
that has roots in the Nonconformists of England.
The Congregationalists are much like the
Methodists in their teachings. They consider the
individual congregation the basic unit of their
church, and they practice baptism of infants.
Most Congregationalists in the United States
belong to the United Church of Christ.
21
Commonwealth a group of sovereign states and
their dependencies associated by their own choice
and linked with common objectives and interests
the British Commonwealth.
22
The Congregationalist is a form of Protestant
Christianity which asserts the principle that a
local congregation is completely autonomous under
God and therefore should not submit to any
outside, human authorities such as a regional or
national synod of elders. Because
Congregationalism occupies a much humbler place
in the configuration of Christianity today, it is
easy to forget its prominence and significance in
Victorian England. Likewise Congregationalism was
not as numerically significant in the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries.
23
From Trading Company to Commonwealth

• The shareholders of the Massachusetts Bay Charter
  voted to move the company from England to
  Massachusetts.
• John Winthrop took the charter across the
  Atlantic into New England where the shareholders
  would have more freedom from the control of the
  king.
• Winthrop transformed the Massachusetts Bay
  Company into a the first commonwealth. At the
  beginning the few shareholders ran the colony as
  free men, but soon 100s of colonists wanted to
  be called free men in the company.
• So rules changed and members from each town
  elected 2 representatives to the general court
  (government of the commonwealth)

24
Flag of the Commonwealth nations
25
Congregationalists church in Massachusetts built
in 1874
26
The First Years Hardships

• By spring of 1620 half of the Pilgrims
• had died due to starvation
• The Squanto of the Pawtuxet
• people was a native that
• taught the Pilgrims about how to
• deal with their new land, which
• helped the rest survive.
• William Bradford said the Squanto
• directed them how to set their corn, where to
  take their fish and how to produce other
  commodities.

27
Squanto

• Squanto was a Patuxet Native American
• Indian, as well as British slave,
• He helped the Pilgrims after their
• first winter in New England.
• Squanto helped the Europeans
• even though he was kidnapped
• and enslaved in Europe.

28
More Settlers Arrive

• More settlers came from England a built smaller
  villages near Plymouth.
• This colony of small villages
• never became large and it
• was self governed.
• In 1691 it became a part of the
• Massachusetts Bay Colony,
• in New England.

29
New Settlements

• Anne Hutchinson challenged Puritan Ministers on
  their interpretations of the bible.
• She was ordered to leave the colony and then
  moved to Rhode Island and began the settlement of
  Portsmouth.
• 1637- Reverend John Wheelwright was also ordered
  to leave Massachusetts for criticizing Puritan
  ruling. He moved on to settle New Hampshire

30
Anne Hutchinson

• July 1591 August 1643
• the unauthorized Puritan minister of a
• discussion group and a pioneer settler
• in Massachusetts, Rhode Island and
• New Netherlands
• key figure in the study of the development
• of religious freedom in England's American
• colonies and the history of women in ministry.
• State of Massachusetts honors her with a State
• House monument calling her a "courageous
• exponent of civil liberty and religious
  toleration.

31
New Settlements

• In 1679 New Hampshire received a charter from
  King Charles II.
• Other pilgrim settlers were pushed into Maine
  which was North.
• Maine was a part of Massachusetts until 1820

32
Thomas Hooker

• Puritan Minister
• Led people to more freedom and land in 1636 to
  the valley of the Connecticut River.
• By 1639 these valleys joined together and formed
  a colony and adopted the Fundamental Orders of
  Connecticut.
• This constitution was the FIRST written
  constitution ever in America.
• Constitutionthe system of fundamental principles
  according to which a nation, state, corporation,
  or the like, is governed

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Thomas Hooker-Puritan Minister
34
Who Wants to be a New England Pilgrim?
Two Teams 10 Questions One
Winner
35

• The following state is NOT in modern day New
  England
• New Jersey
• Vermont
• Connecticut
• Maine

• A puritan is...
• Someone who only farms on pure or good quality
  land
• Someone who left England because of the poor
  quality of water
• Someone who seeks purity of religion and doctrine
• A member of a Non-Christian group in the 1600s

• 7. The Pilgrims immigrated to this country
  before New England
• Ireland
• Scotland
• Denmark
• Holland

3. The Flag of the Commonwealth Nations is

• 6.This holiday originated in New England
• Summer Vacation
• American Thanksgiving
• Victoria Day
• Halloween

• 4. The Congregationalists are a form of
• Roman Catholic Christianity
• Protestant Christianity
• Greek Orthodox Christianity
• Government

• 5. In 1621 ______ was elected governor
• Bradford
• Washington
• Abraham
• Rhode

• 2. King Charles the First was the King of
• England
• Ireland
• Scotland
• All of the above

• 9. Maine was apart of Massachusetts until
• 1621
• 1820
• 1720
• 1721

a)

• The Squanto is
• An Aboriginal Spirit/ God
• A Patuxet Native American
• A man they found fishing for squid
• The first Metis child

b)
c)
D
A
B
C
The correct answer is.