The New England Colonies

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The New England Colonies

• New Hampshire
• Massachusetts
• Rhode Island
• Connecticut

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New England Colonies

• Geographical, Political, Economic,
• Religious, and Social Aspects

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New England Colonies
Why is New England, called New England?

• NEW territories of England,
• the mother country

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Where is New England?

• Located in the northeast region of the USA

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New England Colonies, 1650
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New England Geography
Jagged Coastlines
Rocky Soil
Natural Harbors

• Harsh winters
• Short growing season

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New England Geography
Life in the New England colonies was not easy!

• subsistence farming-

colonists produced just enough food for
themselves.
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New England Economy

• Shipbuilding
• Lumbering

2,500 trees 1 ship
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New England Economy

• Whaling and Fishing

• Fur Trading

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Whale Oil Lamp

• Whale oil illuminated the homes and businesses of
  colonial America

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New England Economy

• Three types of trade
• Trade with other colonies
• Direct exchange of goods with Europe
• Triangular Trade

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men and women who would work for a
specified period of time, usually several years,
before gaining their freedom.
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• Dairy cattle, sheep and pigs
• courtesy of the Columbian Exchange

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New England Economy

• Colonists made their own clothes and shoes.

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New England Government

• Town meetings- the act of a group of individuals
  gathering together to make decisions
• Colonial Assemblies
• Mayflower Compact, 1620
• F.O.C., 1636

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New England Society

• White Protestant society
• Puritans
• Pilgrims (separatists)

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Massachusetts
Recap

• Colony Plymouth
• Founder William Bradford
• Year 1620
• Reason Religious freedom for Separatists

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Separatists

• (Pilgrims) wanting to break free from the
  Anglican Church or the Church of England.

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Mayflower Compact, 1620

• The first step towards self-government in
  America.

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Embarkation of the Pilgrims
The prominence of women and children suggests the
importance of the family in the community.
Painting by Robert W. Weir (1844)
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
city upon a hill"

• Colony Massachusetts Bay
• Founder John Winthrop
• Year 1630
• Reason Religious freedom for Puritans 

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What is a Puritan?

• They wanted to change the Church of England. They
  did not want to separate from the Church like the
  Pilgrims. The Puritans wanted to make the Church
  of England more "pure."

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Puritan Values

• Puritans were demanding of their followers
• Strong work ethic
• Determination in the face of challenges

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Rhode Island, 1636

• Founder Roger Williams
• Founding Year 1636
• Reason for Founding Religious freedom

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Connecticut, 1639
The Constitution State

• Thomas Hooker
• Most settlers were Puritans

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Journeying through the Wilderness from Plymouth
to Hartford, in 1636- Frederic Edwin Church
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1639

• The first written constitution in America.

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Population of the New England Colonies
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The Bigger Ideas

• Each settlement is for a specific belief.

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Checking for Understanding

• What was the motivation, or reason, behind the
  development of the New England, colonies?
• Profit and Trade
• Religious Freedom
• To find a Northwest Passage
• None of the above

B Religious Freedom
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True or False

• Disagreements over religious beliefs led to the
  formation of a number of new colonies.

True
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True or False

• Roger Williams founded the colony of Connecticut

False
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True or False

• The Protestant work ethic was important in all
  New England colonies.

True
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True or False

• The economy of the American colonies depended on
  the geography of the region.

True
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The Middle Colonies
Also known as the Mid-Atlantic Colonies

• Delaware
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• New York

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Mid-Atlantic Geography
Rivers
Fertile Soil

• Atlantic Coast
• Longer growing season

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Mid-Atlantic Economy
Diversified-
having a variety

• Industry
• Ironworks
• Shipbuilding

Iron Ore
Colonial Nails
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Mid-Atlantic Economy
Bread Basket Colonies
Rye
Oats
Wheat
Barley
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Mid-Atlantic Economy

• New York City and Philadelphia became important
  ports for trading.

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Mid-Atlantic Society

• Ethnically and religiously diverse

Ethnic-
large groups of people classed according to
common racial, national, religious, linguistic,
or cultural background
Diverse-
made up of distinct characteristics, qualities,
or elements
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Mid-Atlantic Society

• People from
• Sweden
• England
• the Netherlands
• France
• Germany

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Mid-Atlantic Society
Religious Groups

• Puritans
• Quakers
• Anglicans
• Baptists
• Catholics
• Jews

Religious Tolerance
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Who were the Quakers?

• Quakers- Protestant branch in England
• The Quakers could not worship in England because
  they did not follow the Church of England.

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• Many Quakers were sent to jail for not going to
  the Church of England.

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Quaker Beliefs

1. Wouldnt swear or take oaths
2. No clergy
3. Men and Women are equal
4. Pacifists
5. Treated Indians fairly
6. Against slavery

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Middle Colonies Government
owned and controlled by one or more persons

• Proprietary colony-

• Religious Freedom and Tolerance
• Freedom of the Press
• Strong Courts

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New York

• Founder
• Year
• Reason for establishment

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(No Transcript)
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Pennsylvania

• Founder William Penn
• Year
• Reason for establishment

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William Penn

• Member of the Quakers
• Founded Pennsylvania

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Delaware

• Founder
• Year
• Reason for establishment

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New Jersey

• Founder
• Year
• Reason for establishment

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The Bigger Ideas

• Geography played a role in the success of the
  Middle Colonies.
• Fertile soil for harvests
• Mountains for iron-ore
• Forests for shipbuilding
• Natural harbors were perfect sites for cities

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The Bigger Ideas

• Diversity helped promote tolerance.
• Religious tolerance
• Cultural tolerance

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• How did people from the Middle Colonies use their
  natural resources?

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• How was farming in the Middle Colonies different
  from farming in New England?

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• Who settled in the Middle Colonies?

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• What geographic features in the Middle Colonies
  made good locations for cities?
• Natural harbors along the coast
• Name examples of cities that have a natural
  harbor?
• New York City

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• In what ways did Quakers promote tolerance?

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The Southern Colonies

• Virginia
• Maryland
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia