The Beginning of the Industrial Revolution

1
The Beginning of the Industrial Revolution

• Ch. 9.1

2
Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain

• New Ways of Working
• Before this period, most products were handmade
  problem?
• Industrial Revolutiongreatly increases output of
  machine made goods instead of handmade products.
  What are the pros and cons?
• Revolution begins in England in the middle 1700s
  Why?
• The Agricultural Revolution Paves the Way for
  Industrialization
• Wealthy landowners buy, enclose land once owned
  by poorer village farmers
• Enclosureslarge farm fields enclosed by fences
  or hedges
• Importance
• Enclosures allow experimentation with new
  agricultural methods
• Poor farmers became tenant farmers, some just
  quit and moved to the cities (factory workers)

3
Inventions Spur Industrialization

• New Techniques were Used
• Rotating Crops
• Crop rotationswitching crops each year to avoid
  depleting the soil
• Livestock breeders allow only the best to breed,
  improve food supply
• (between 1700 - 1786 lamb weights claimed from 18
  to 50 lbs.)
• Population increased

4
Industrial Revolution Begins in Britain

• Why the Industrial Revolution Began in England
• Industrialization machine production of goods
• Britain has natural resourcescoal, iron, rivers,
  harbors
• Expanding economy in Britain encourages
  investment
• People moving from small farms to the city
  looking for work.
• Britain has all needed factors of
  productionland, labor, capital (wealth)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3Efq-aNBkvcfeature
  related

5
Activity

• Divide yourselves into teams of three.
• You will be assigned one of the following to
  present to the class in 10 minutes.
• What did your inventor devise?
• How did your inventor contribute to the
  production of goods?
• Define significance to the development of an
  industrialized society
• James Watt - Richard Trevithick
  
• Matthew Boulton - George Stephenson
• Robert Fulton - John Kay
• James Hargreaves - Samuel Crompton
• Edmund Cartwright - Jethro Tull

6
James WattSteam Engine for Factories
7
Matthew BoultonEntrepreneur who funded Watt to
build his engine
8
Robert Fulton put steam engine in
boatSteamboat Clermont
9
James Hargreaves powered spinning wheel
spinning jennyone spinner can work 8 threads at
a time
10
John Kay flying shuttle
11
Samuel Cromptoncombined spinning jenny water
frame spinning mule

• Jethro Tull

12
Edmund Cartwright power loomhttp//www.youtube.
com/watch?vtoV9uIDIJMsfeaturerelated
13
Richard Trevithick Steam-Driven Locomotive
14
George Stephensonbuilt the Rocket
15
Jethro Tull seed drill
16
Inventions Spur Industrialization

• Watts Steam Engine
• Need for cheap, convenient power spurs
  development of steam engine
• Used to run factories
• James Watt improves steam engine, financed by
  Matthew Boulton
• Matthew Boulton
• Boulton an entrepreneurorganizes, manages,
• takes business risks

17
Inventions Spur Industrialization

• Water Transportation
• Robert Fulton builds first steamboat, the
  Clermont, in 1807
• Englands water transport improved by system of
  canals
• Road Transportation
• British roads are improved companies operate
  them as toll roads

18
Inventions Spur Industrialization

• Steam-Driven Locomotives
• In 1804, Richard Trevithick builds first
  steam-driven locomotive
• In 1825, George Stephenson builds worlds first
  railroad line
• The Liverpool-Manchester Railroad
• Entrepreneurs build railroad from Liverpool to
  Manchester
• Stephensons Rocket acknowledged as best
  locomotive (1829)
• Railroads Revolutionize Life in Britain
• Railroads spur industrial growth, create jobs
• Cheaper transportation move goods to market
  faster more efficiently boosts many industries
  people move to cities