Post WWII and The Cold War

1
Post WWII and The Cold War

• The War of Diplomacy
• Democracy vs. Communism
• Capitalism vs. Communism

2
Truman Policies

• Economic Expansion After WWII
• Veterans loans
• Increased savings from the war years
• High demand for consumer goods
• Increase in per capita income
• Domestic Policies
• a full-employment bill
• increase in the minimum wage
• national health care insurance
• desegregating the armed forces
• Primary purpose of the Marshall Plan
• aid the economic recovery of war-devastated
  Europe

3
Truman and the Cold War at Home

• Major Incidences
• The McCarthy hearings
• Alger Hiss case
• HUAC
• Truman Loyalty Oaths
• Commitment to containing Communist challenges was
  Trumans foreign policy
• A principal reason for defeat of most Fair Deal
  programs was opposition by Republicans in Congress

4
Korean War

• Major Issues
• whether to expand the war by attacking China
• whether Congress should have declared war
• the removal of General Douglass MacArthur
• the policies of containment and limited war

5
Confronting Communism

• North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) after
  World War II demonstrated that the United States
  recognized the importance of international
  cooperation
• George Kennans article, the Sources of Soviet
  Conduct established the idea of containment
• Dulles New Look Policy Brinkmanship
• taking Communist nations to brink of war to force
  them to back down
• threatening massive retaliation with nuclear
  weapons to prevent Soviet aggression
• supporting the liberation of captive nations
• reducing conventional forces of the U.S. Army and
  Navy
• Covert action by the CIA in Iran in 1953 and
  Guatemala in 1954
• Peaceful Coexistence
• Khrushchev's proposal that the U.S. and U.S.S.R.
  could compromise and learn to live with each
  other.

6
Confronting Communism

• Suez Canal
• British, French, and Israeli invasion of Egypt
• Major crisis during Eisenhowers presidency
• Major Issues
• establishment in Communist governments in Eastern
  Europe
• access to Berlin
• Marshall Plan aid
• Development and control of atomic weapons

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8
1950s Domestic Issues

• Red Scare
• loss of atomic bomb secrets to the Soviets
• Alger Hiss case
• Fall of China to the Communists
• Investigations by the House Un-American
  Activities Committee
• Creating a Homogeneous Culture
• Building of the interstate highway system
• Television programming
• Spread of franchise operations
• Growth of the suburbs
• Baby Boom
• the one with the most far-reaching influence on
  American societys development in the post-WWII
  period was the

9
1950s Civil Rights

• Brown v. Board of Education
• require the integration of public schools
• Racially segregated schools are inherently
  unequal and unconstitutional
• Protests against segregation coming from the
  African American community
• Montgomery bus boycott and Greensboro lunch
  counter sit-ins

10
Eisenhowers Policies

• Increased middle-class affluence were
  characteristics of Eisenhowers presidency
• Modern Republicanism
• a general acceptance of the New Deal programs and
  a balanced budget
• Farewell Address Military Industrial Complex
• influence of defense contractors on Congress