Title: (Atomic Emission Spectrometry,AES)
1??? ??????? (Atomic Emission Spectrometry,AES)
6.1 ???? 6.2
AES ?? 6.3 ????????? 6.4 ??
2??? ???????(Atomic Emission Spectrometry,AES)
- ???
1)???????????? - 2)???????????????????(???)
- 3)?????????????????
3??? ???????(Atomic Emission Spectrometry,AES)
??AES?????????????????,??????????????????????????
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5 6 . 1 ????
?? ????? 1.??????? 1)??(?????)
???? 2)????(outer electron) (???E1
???E2) 3)????(???E2 ???E1)
4)??????(?)??? ?E E2-E1 h? hc/?
62.????
- ????(Excited potential)????--?????????,?eV???????
???????? - ??????????????????,?I??,
- ?Na(I)
- ???(Resonance line)???????(Ground
state)??????????????(????)??????????????? - ????(Ionization potential)?????????????????????
??????????????????????????II,III,IV????
72.????
- ???????,?????????????????,??????????????,?????????
????????Mg ?285.21nm????,Mg?280.27nm?????????
8?? AES ????
????????????????????????(????) ??????????????????
???????,???????????????????????????,??????????????
??????????
9?? AES????
1. Boltzmann???????
Â
AES???????????????????????,???????????????????????
101. Boltzmann???????
? Plasm(????) ??????????,???????? N0
????????? Ni ???? Boltzmann ?? ??,g
?????(2J1)k?Boltzmann??(1.38?10-23J/oC)
111. Boltzmann???????
- ??? i, j ???????????? I ????? A ?????????? Ni
???,? - ???????????,??????? N0 ?????????? N?,???? c
??N? - ???,I ? c,?????????????
121. Boltzmann???????
- ????,???????????? b
- I acb(Schiebe-Lomarkin??)
- ???,????
- logI blogc loga
- ??? AES ???????????
132. ?????? I ??
- ???? g (weight)
- ????(probability)
- ?????????E
- ?????(self-absorption)???(self-reversal)
- e) ???? T
- f) ????? N0 ??? c
- ????????????????,?????????????????
- ?????????????????????T!
146.2 AES??
AES???????????????????????????????????????
15? ?AES??
- ????? ???????????????????????????????????????????
????????????? - ????????????????????????????????(ICP)?
16? ?AES??
1. ???????
17(1)????????(ICP)
- ???? ?????????????????,????????0.1?????,????????
???????,???????????????,??????? - ??,?????,???????????????????????????
18(1)????????
????
??ICP ????? ????? ???(??????) ?????????
?????,????? ?????,?? ICP (?????) ????,????(??
Ar ???????????????????)
???
???
??Ar ??
??(Ar)
??
????
19ICP?????
1)Tesla ?? ??????(27-41KHZ, 2-4KW)
?????? 2)?? ?? ????
???? ??? ? ????
????? 3)?????????(???,Eddy current) ?
??? ?10000K ???? ????Ar
?????????? ????????????
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21?????????????
- ???????????????
- ??????????????????,???????????????????????????????
,????????????????,?????????????,???????????????,??
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????,?????????,????????????????????
22ICP????
1)???????????? 2)??,??? 3)?????(matrix
effect) ?????ICP??? 4)???????????,?????? 5)?????
6)??????? 7)?????????????(70??) ????????????
??????????
23(2)????
????,????????
???????(4000 K) ???????40007000K
24(2)????
- ??????
- a)???????(???)---?????????---??????---???????????
??????????????????????? - b)????----??????
- c)???,????
- d)?????
25(3)??????
26????????
1)?????????????????????? 2)????,????,???????????
? 3)??????,?????? 4)????????,????????????,??????
??????????????
27(4)????
28(4)????
- ????
- 1)????,??????
- 2)?????,????(????)?,????,??????????????????????
- 3)?????(????10000K)??????????
292. ???????
a)??????????????? b)????????????? c)????
d)???????????????????(??)
?? ????/K ????/K ????? ??
?? ? 10005000 ?
???? 8003800 40007000 ?? ??
???? ?????? ??????? ??
?? ?????? 10000 ?
ICP ?? 60008000 ??
30??????(?) ??????
?????????? ???????? I??????,? logI blogc
loga ??????? I?
31??????
32???????
- ??????????(???)
- ??????????
33????????
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35??????????
- ? ?????
- ? ???????
- ? ????
- ?????,??????
- ? Slit ??,??????
- ? ?????
362. ???
????????????????????? ??????????????,?????????????
?????????????????????
372. ???
- ??????????????,???????????????,????????????,??????
,?????????????? - ?????????????????,?????????????
- ?????????????,?????????
38?????
392. ???
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