LIF101 Anatomy

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LIF101Anatomy

• Lecture 9
• Eye, Nose, Mouth, Ear,
• Anterior Torso Musculature and Surface Features

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The Mouth

• A.K.A. oral cavity
• Lips arch back from midline and bend around
  dental arches
• Color is due to thin, translucent skin and rich
  blood supply

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Parts of the Mouth

• Tubercle of upper lip
• Wings of upper lip
• Groove of lower lip
• Lobes of lower lip
• Corners
• Philtrum

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Parts of the Mouth

• Red margins
• Philtrum
• Nasolabial furrows (smile furrows)
• Mentolabial furrow

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The Teeth

• Usually 32 total
• Lie in sockets ca lled alveoli
• Most upper teeth larger than lower
• Upper teeth usually overbite slightly
• Upper teeth generally more visible

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Outer Ear Structure

• Bowl and double rim
• Conducts sound waves into auditory meatus
• Mostly cartilage, but lobe is filled with fat
  tissue.

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Parts of the Outer Ear

• Auditory meatus
• Concha
• Helix (and its leg)
• Antihelix (and its legs)
• Triangular fossa
• Scapha

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Note the legs of helix and antihelix
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Parts of the Outer Ear

• Tragus
• Antitragus
• Intertragical notch
• Anterior notch

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Note two flaps of Cartilage. One guarding ear
hole anterior is called tragus (goat) since it
often begets a tuft of hair resembling a goats
beard.
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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Pectoralis major
• originates along clavicle, sternum and rectus
  sheath
• Inserts onto humerus
• Rotates humerus inward and adducts the arm
• note deltoid furrow between this and deltoid
  muscle

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Torso Muscles

• Give support connect to and move limbs
• Help to flex the backbone
• Protect internal organs
• Strong core because fibers weave run in different
  directions (woven together)

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Pectoralis major Pecs
• Draws arms forward and medially
• Moves arm (pulls humerus) across chest
  abducts/adducts
• lower border does not align with thoracic arch.

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Rectus abdominis Washboard
• originates at pubic bone
• inserts at xiphoid process and nearby costal
  cartilages

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Rectus abdominis
• Primary function Draws thorax downward and bends
  spine forward (allows back bone to flex)
• Secondary function holds in (retains)
  organs/provides strength to core

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Abdominal Aponeurosis

• Rectus Sheath
• Wide thin flat tendon that encases muscle (lies
  between surface of muscle and skin)

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• External Oblique
• named for oblique (diagonal) fibers and external
  placement
• Rotates spine to opposite side
• interlaces with serratus anterior
• Flank Pad
• bulge in external oblique over iliac crest
• Surface landmark

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Serratus anterior
• Located below armpit (axilla) on lateral side of
  chest
• Originates along upper ribs. (several points of
  origin)
• Inserts under scapula.
• Weaves into External Obliques

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Serratus anterior
• draws scapula laterally (downward) and anteriorly
  (forward)
• Used when pushing something
• When raising arms above horizontal level

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Muscles of the Anterior Torso

• Serratus anterior interlaces with external
  oblique at origin, then disappears under
  latissimus dorsi (on back/posterior side).

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Other Structures

• Linea alba
• Transverse Lines horizontal tendons divide R.A.
  into smaller portions, six pack
• Umbilicus (navel)

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Sketch Assignments

• Three mouth sketches (label one)
• Three ear sketches (label one)
• Three eye sketches (label one)
• Three nose sketches (label one)
• Different angles, different people if possible
• Can be free-floating or all on three heads
• Label structures covered in class

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Textbook Reference Pages

• Peck, pp. 104, 160161, 166 167, 170 173, 176
  179 (view these pages primarily for the
  illustrations.)