Origins of Eukaryotic Diversity

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Origins of Eukaryotic Diversity

• Fred Searcy
• Broward Community College

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Kingdom Protista

• Phylum Rhizopoda
• Phylum Actinopoda
• Phylum Foraminifera
• Phylum Apicomplexa
• Phylum Zoomastigophora
• Phylum Ciliophora

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Phylum Rhizopoda

• Includes amebas
• unicellular
• shelled (tests) or naked
• pseudopodia
• no meiosis
• freshwater, marine, soil

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Amoeba proteus
Endoplasm (sol)
pseudopod
nucleus
Ectoplasm (gel)
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Arcella
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Difflugia
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Entamoeba histolytica
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Phylum Actinopoda

• Heliozoans
• primarily freshwater
• tests
• silicas
• diatoms
• sand grains
• Radiolarians
• primarily marine
• tests
• silicas

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Heliozoans
cortex
medulla
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Radiolarian
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Phylum Foraminifera

• Exclusively marine
• multichambered
• tests of calcium carbonate

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Myxomycota

• Acellular slime molds
• plasmodium
• Physarum polycelphalum

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Acrasiomycota

• Cellular slime molds
• amebas
• Dictyostelium discoideum

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Oomycota

• Water molds
• oogamous
• Achyla Saprolegnia

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Phylum Apicomplexa

• Many pathogenic species
• infectious cells called sporozoites
• Plasmodium vivax - malaria

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Plasmodium vivax
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Phylum Zoomastigophora

• Use flagella to move
• solitary or colonial
• some pathogenic
• Trypanosoma - African Sleeping Sickness

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Phylum Ciliophora

• Ciliates
• macro and micronucleus
• fresh salt water
• Paramecium, Stentor, Vorticella

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Paramecium
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Paramecium
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Vorticella
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Stentor
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The Algae

• Division Pyrrophyta
• Division Chrysophyta
• Division Euglenophyta
• Division Chlorophyta
• Division Phaeophyta
• Division Rhodophyta

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Division Pyrrophyta

• Chlorophylls a and c
• carotenes xanthophylls
• amylose starch
• cellulose in those with shells (some naked)
• marine freshwater
• 2 flagella
• red tides, ciguterra, bioluminescence

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Dinoflagellates
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Division Chrysophyta

• Chlorophylls a and c
• carotenoids xanthophylls
• leucosin and laminarin
• silica or pectin compounds
• freshwater marine
• 1 or 2 flagella

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Vaucheria
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Diatoms
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Division Euglenophyta

• Chlorophylls a and b
• carotenoids and xanthophylls
• Paramylon starch
• pellicle

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Division Chlorophyta

• Chlorophylls a and b
• carotenes and xanthophylls
• amylose and amylopectin
• cellulose

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Chlamydomonas

• Unicellular

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Spirogyra
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Ulothrix
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Ulva
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Division Phaeophyta

• Chlorophylls a and c
• carotenoids xanthophylls
• laminarin
• 2 flagella, lateral insertion
• cellulose with other polysaccharides
• mostly marine

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Fucus
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Sargassum
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Division Rhodophyta

• Chlorophylls a and d
• carotenoids xanthophylls
• Floridean starch
• no flagella
• cellulose with other polysaccharides
• mostly marine

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Nemalion