Diversity of Organisms and Classification

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Diversity of Organisms and Classification
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Take these slides of notes in your Spiral
Notebook
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Essential Vocabulary

• DNA
• Prokaryotic a cell that lacks a nucleus
• Eukaryotic a cell that has a nucleus and other
  complex structures

• Feeding
• Autotrophic an organism that makes its own food
  from solar energy or chemicals
• Heterotrophic an organism that must eat other
  organisms to obtain its energy.

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Classification of Organisms
All organisms can be classified and named
according to this system based on shared traits
and a common origin
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Five Kingdom System

• Bacteria
• Protists
• Fungi
• Plants
• Animals

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Finding Order in Diversity

• Why Classify?
• To study the diversity of life
• To organize and name organisms
• Why give scientific names?
• Common names are misleading

None of these animals are fish!
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Bacteria Kingdom

• Unicellular, microscopic
• Motile (Move)
• No nucleus
• Prokaryotic
• No chlorophyll
• Decomposers (Saprophytic)
• Parasitic
• E. Coli food poisoning (deadly)
• Normally found in intestines
• Beneficial
• Lactobacillus yogurt and cheese

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Protist kingdom

• Unicellular microscopic
• Nucleus present
• Eukaryotic
• Autotrophic or heterotrophic
• Classified by how they move
• Plant like Phytoplankton
• Provide 90 of worlds oxygen
• Animal like Zooplankton
• Their remains are used in cleansers such as
  toothpaste and comet

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Fungus kingdom

• Eukaryotic
• Non-motile (dont move)
• No root, stem and leaf
• No chlorophyll
• Decomposers
• Saprophytic or parasitic
• Reproduce by forming spores
• Most are Multicellular mushrooms, bread mold
  etc..
• Unicellular yeasts

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Plant Kingdom

• Eukaryotic
• Non-motile (dont move)
• Most plants contains pigments (chlorophyll) for
  photosynthesis
• Autotrophic
• Can be divided into two groups
• Non-flowering plants
• Flowering plants

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Animal Kingdom

• Eukaryotic
• Divided into two groups according to the presence
  or absence of backbone
• Invertebrates without backbone
• Sponges, Cnidarians, Flatworms, Round worms,
  Mollusks, Segmented Worms, Arthropods,
  Echinoderms,
• Vertebrates with backbone
• Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals