THE ORIGINS OF EUKARYOTIC DIVERSITY

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CHAPTER 28 THE ORIGINS OF EUKARYOTIC DIVERSITY
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Amoeba proteus unicellular protozoan
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Diatom unicellular algae
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A plasmodial slime mold
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Bull Kelp a multicellular brown algae
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The Kingdom Protista Problem Several diverse
lineages were combined to form the Protista
making it a paraphyletic taxon
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A model for the Origin of Eukaryotes including
the Endosymbiotic hypothesis
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Secondary Endosymbiosis gives the algae their
diversity
Studies of SSU-rRNA indicate that mitochondria
evolved from ancestors of alpha proteobacteria
and chloroplasts evolved form ancestors of
cyanobacteria
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Traditional hypothesis for how the
Alternative hypothesis three domains of life are
related based on based on proteins
functioning in DNA
sequences transcription and translation
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Tentative phylogeny of Eukaryotes
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A diplomonad-multiple flagella, two nuclei, no
plastids or mitochondria
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Parabasalids-no mitochondria have an undulating
membrane trichomonads
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Euglenozoa Euglena
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Euglenophyta Euglena
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Kinectoplastids Trypanosoma causes African
Sleeping Sickness
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Kinectoplastids a large organelle with DNA-
Trichonympha- flagellated protozoan found in the
gut of termites
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Apicomplexa-Sporozoans
The two host life cycle of Plasmodium that causes
malaria
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A dinoflagellate-
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A dinoflagellate-some are bioluminescent
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A bioluminescent angel Dinoflagellata
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Ciliophora Ciliates
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Stentor-uses cilia to pull in food particles
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Conjugation in paramecium
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Conjugation in paramecium
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Ciliated heterotrophic protozoan-Ciliophora
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Oomycota water mold-life cycle -have large
immobile eggs and small mobile sperm -have
coenocytic hyphae
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Release of zoospores by water mold Oomycota
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Oomycota developing zygotes
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Oomycota Water molds Powdery Mildew
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Bacillariophyta-Diatoms-silica-glass-like shell
consist of two halves
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Diatom-a unicellular alga-Bacillariophyta
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Bacillariophyta-Diatoms- freshwater species that
has just divided
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Bacillariophyta-Diatoms
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Bacillariophyta Diatoms
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Chrysophyta-Golden Algae
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Australian bull kelp-multicellular
algae-Phaeophyta
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Phaeophyta Brown Algae-largest algae
fucoxanthin pigment Air bladders
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Phaeophyta Brown Algae
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Phaeophyta Brown Algae
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Phaeophyta Brown Algae Life Cycle with
alternation of generations
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Rhodophyta Red Algae-pigment phycobilins that
absorb blue light this allows them to grow at
greatest depths
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Rhodophyta Red Algae
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Chlorophyta Green Algae-Volvox-a colonial algae
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Chlorophyta Green Algae-Volvox-a colonial algae
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Chlorophyta Spirogyra conjugation
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Chlorophyta Green Algae-no crosswalls with
multiple nuclei-coenocytic
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Chlorophyta Green Algae- life of Chlamydomonas a
unicellular algae
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Chlorophyta Green Algae
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Chlorophyta Green Algae
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Chlorophyta Green Algae
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Chlorophyta Green AlgaeMulticellular
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Chlorophyta Green Algae
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Mixed Seaweed
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Hypothetical history of plastids in eukaryotes
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Chlorophyta Green Algae Spirogyra being eaten by
a heterotroph
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Amoeba proteus-unicellular protozoan- Rhizopoda
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Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia
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Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia
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Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia
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Rhizopoda amoebas-using pseudopodia
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Rhizopoda-amoebas
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Actinopoda Heliozoan sun animals freshwater
with stiff axopodia
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Actinopoda Heliozoan
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Actinopoda Radiolarian-marine with delicate
silica shells
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Actinopoda Radiolarian-shell
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Foraminifera
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Foraminifera-multichambered shells that contain
calcium carbonate
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Myxomycota Plasmodial slime mold-coenocytic
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Life cycle of Myxomycota
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Myxomycota Plasmodial slime mold-spore germinating
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Myxomycota Plasmodial slime molds
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Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold fruiting bodies
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Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold
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Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold-spores
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Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold forming
fruiting bodies
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Acrasiomycota cellular slime mold forming
fruiting bodies
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