Counter-Reformation (a response to Protestantism)

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Counter-Reformation (a response to Protestantism)

• Council of Trent
• reaffirmed many Catholic teachings
• ended some abuses (ex indulgences)
• Inquisition (Church court)
• stamped out heresy (often using ordeals)
• banned certain books
• creation of seminaries
• encouragement of baroque (emotional) art

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Baroque Art
Peter Paul Rubens The Elevation of the
Cross (1610-11)
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Baroque Art
Diego Velázquez Christ Crucified (1632)
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Baroque Art
Gian Lorenzo Bernini Public square in front of
St. Peters Basilica Rome (1656-67)
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Catholic Reformation (internal Catholic reform)

• founded Jesuit order
• known as educators
• served as missionaries