Chapter 14 Northern and Western Europe

1
Chapter 15
2

• Wrench
• Diaper
• Ground Beef
• Flash light
• Line of People
• Potato Chips
• Restroom
• Apartment building
• Baby carriage
• French fries
• Backpack
• Elevator

• Block of Flats
• Chips
• Crisps
• Lift
• Loo
• Mince
• Nappy
• Pram
• Queue
• Ruckshack
• Spanner
• Torch

3

• British Isles
• 1. British Isles consist of the Republic of
  Ireland and the United Kingdom.
• United Kingdom is divided into four political
  regions
• Northern Ireland
• Wales
• Scotland and England.
• 3. Two physical regions of the U.K.
• a. lowlandmost of England
• b. highlandScotland and Wales

4
(No Transcript)
5

• History
• 1. Invaders and Occupiers
• a. Celtsancestors to Scots, Welsh, and
  Irish
• b. Romans
• c. Anglos and Saxons (Germanic tribes).
  Drove Celts to highlands.
• d. William the Conqueror of Normandy1066.
• e. Above influenced lowland Britain
• f. Sequent Occupancesettlement of
  successive groups creating distinct culture.

6

• 2. British Empire
• a. began in 1600s and 1700s.
• b. 1801Ireland, Scotland, Wales
• c. Controlled ¼ of the world by 1800s.
  Sun never sets on the British Empire.
• d. Strong navy
• e. Colonies provided raw materials and
  markets.
• 3. World War I and World War II ended their
  empire.

7

• Economy
• 1. Industrial Revolution
• a. started in Britain in 1700s.
• b. ability to mine cheap coalsteam power.
• c. first urbanized country
• d. dominant country 1700 and 1800s.
• e. decline 1914-1990.
• f. government nationalized industry to
  stop decline

8

• 2. Industry is rebounding oil in North Sea,
  high tech stuff.
• 3. Agriculture
• a. meat and dairy
• b. Highly subsidized and high prices
• c. 60 imported

9

• English Channel TunnelChunnel
• 1. tunnel under the English Channel connecting
  Britain and France
• 2. completed in 1994 costing 15 billion
• 3. London to Paris in 3 hrs. 200 mph.

10

• Ireland and Scotland
• 1. Troubles over Northern Ireland
• a. Northern Ireland is Protestant
• Republic of Ireland is Catholic
• Republic of Ireland wants one country
• b. Ireland got independence in 1921.
  N.I. stayed with U.K.
• c. Terrorist activityIrish Republican
  Army
• d. 2007 share power
• 2. Scots created own Parliament in 1997.

11

• Scots retained culture
• i.e. remained Presbyterian
• 4. Between 1994 and 2000
• Ireland had Europes most rapidly growing
  economy
• Educated workforce and tax incentives
• Inflation rose b/c of the Euro6.2

12

• Culture
• 1. Similarities between Ireland and Great
  Britain
• a. social life centered around eateries.
• b. soccer, rugby, cricket.
• 2. Differences
• a. Ireland is a republic President is head of
  state

13

• Britain is a constitutional monarchy.
• Head of state is king or queen.
• Parliament makes laws, headed by prime
  minister.
• Prime Minister is chief of government.
• 3. London and Dublin are main cities

14

• Nordic NationsNorway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark,
  Iceland.
• Physical
• 1. Glaciers
• a. Thousands of lakes in Norway, Sweden,
  and Finland
• b. Good soil pushed to Denmark
• 2. Iceland produces geothermal energy
• 3. Fjordsflooded glacial valleys. Deep and
  steep
• 4. Long winters and short summers

15

• Economy
• Mixed economycapitalism and socialism. Welfare
  capitalism
• Many industries are state runones considered
  essential services. Day care to petroleum
• Norway benefits from petroleum exports
• Strong in exports
• Timber is an important resource

16

• While prosperous, issues exist with the welfare
  state.
• Most were willing to pay more for the common good
  after WWII
• Denmark60 of land used for farming

17

• 3. European Union
• a. Product of the Marshall Plan and
  European Economic Community/Common Market.
  Became EU Nov. 1, 1993.
• b. Had to cooperate after the World Wars.
• c. Pool resources, eliminate tariffs.
• d. Specialization
• e. Euro
• -single EU currencyJan 1, 1999
• -12/15 original countries rejected it.
• -15 billion in bills, 56 billion in
  coins
• g. 27 members today
• h. 3rd in population457 million people
• i. Aging population
• j. Unable to pass an EU constitution.
• k. Economies tightly linkedhopefully will
  prevent war.