World War II 19391945

1
World War II(1939-1945)

• Chapter 26

2
Seeds of World War II

• Treaty of Versailles
• Great Depression
• League of Nations
• Appeasement
• Military buildup
• Leaders

3
Fascist dictators
Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler
4
Rise of Adolf Hitler

• 1933- Hitler became Chancellor of Germany
• Hitlers goals
• Lebensraum
• rearmament
• racial purity
• economic recovery

5
Nazi Party

• 100k members in 1929/ over a million by end of
  1933
• Unemployment- 6 mil in 1932 / 500k in 1937

6
Path to War appeasement

• 1935- Hitler renounces Treaty
• - builds air force military
• 1936- Hitler sends troops into Rhineland

7
1938- Germany annexes Austria

• Hitler announces plans to annex Northern
  Czechoslovakia

8
Munich Conference, 1938

• allies give in to Hitlers demand
• - Chamberlain states peace in our time
• - Hitler takes rest of Czech state
• - failure of appeasement

9
1939

• nonaggression pact

• Pact of Steel

• defense pact

10
Out break of WWII

• Hitler invades Poland (9.1.1939)/ Blitzkrieg
• Britain France declare war on Germany

11
Hitler invades France (May 1940)
12
Hitler invades France (May 1940)

• France falls in 6 weeks (6.22.1940)
• British evacuate Dunkirk (330k)

13
Militarism in Japan

• Japan aggression in Asia
• 1937- invaded China
• - U.S. threatens economically / L.O.N.

14
Militarism in Japan (continue)

• 1940- Japan invades Indochina
• - conquered Thailand, Burma Philippines (1940)

15
Japanese Empire
16
Battle of Britain, August 1940

• air invasion of Britain
• Luftwaffe
• 12k tons of bombs dropped in cities
• Outcome

17
Royal Air Force
18
Operation BarbarossaJune 22, 1941

• Hitler postpones invasion of Britain
• turns to Russia (lebensraum)

19
Soviet Union Germany

• 3.5 million
• 2,770
• 3,300
• 7,000

• 5 million Troops
• 8,000 Air Craft
• 24,000 Tanks
• 20,000 Guns
• Hitler believed he could defeat soviet union in 6
  weeks. Why?

20
StalingradTurning point in the east
21
America in WWII

• US policy of isolation
• - neutrality laws
• Did Americas neutrality appease aggressors?

22
Pearl Harbor (p. 678)

• How was Japanese expansion curved by U.S.
  presence in pacific?
• When does US neutrality comes to an end?
• What happened at Pearl Harbor?
• What was Japans misfortune?
• What happened on December 8?

23
I fear all we have done is awaken the sleeping
giant and filled him with terrible
resolve-Yamamota
24
Pearl Harbor (continue)

• US entrance is turning point of WWII
• Americas two front war

25
Japanese internment camps
26
Women at work WWII, pg 688-89
27
Rosie the riveter
A real Rosie at work
28
Battle of Midway

• June 1942- Pacific war
• U.S. naval success
• destroyed 4 Japanese carriers

• Japans empire begins to shrink

29
Operation Overlord

• D-Day June 6, 1944
• Long awaited 2nd front
• - Eisenhower
• Goal
• Historys greatest naval invasion
• - Higgins boat
• - weather

30
D-Day (continue)

• costly and successful attack
• 2 million troops in France within 3 months
• Paris liberated by August, 1944
• Importance of eastern front

31
Hitlers last attempt

• Battle of the Bulge
• Largest land battle involving U.S.
• 500k Americans
• (200k causalities)
• Germany begins to retreat

32
End of Nazi Germany

• German army collapses (03/1945)
• Allies occupy Berlin (04/1945)

• Hitlers death (4.30.1945)

• Germany surrenders (5.5.45)

33
Collapse of GermanyMay 7, 1945
34
End of Japans Pacific Empire

• US takes Iwo Jima Philippines (1945)
• Empire collapses/ no retreat no surrender
• FDR dies/ Truman/ A-bomb
• US demands Japans surrender
• - consequences of ground invasion
• - decision to use Atomic bomb

35
Atomic Bomb

• Aug 6, 1945- A-bomb dropped on Hiroshima
• Aug 8- Sovs invade Manchuria
• Aug 9- A-bomb on Nagasaki

36
V-J DAY

• Aug 15- Japan surrenders/ V-J Day
• WWII over

37
Post WWII

• Over 100 million causalities
• Over 50 million deaths
• Yalta Conference, 1945
• Germany divided
• United Nations created

38
The big three at the Yalta Conference (Feb,
1945)
39
Conclusion of WWII

• Most devastating war in history
• Over 50 million killed in 6 years (20 million
  plus in Soviet Union)
• Underlying cause of WWII?
• WWII ends - Cold War begins

40
Holocaust

• Hitler believed that Jews, Gypsies, Negroes, and
  Homosexuals were all parasites trying to destroy
  the Aryan race.

41
Holocaust

• 1933- Hitler in Power
• - Nuremberg laws (1935)
• Jan 1939- Madagascar Solution
• - Jewish refugees turned away
• 1.20.1941- Final Solution
• - extermination
• - graves of Soviet Union Poland
• - concentration camps
• 1. Auschwitz (poison gas / cremation)

42
(No Transcript)
43
Holocaust (continue)

• Medical experiments
• 6 million Jews killed
  (90 of German Jews)
• 2 out of 3 European Jews killed during Holocaust
• 4 million Gypsies other minorities killed

44
Nazi death camp
45

• They came for the Communists, and I didn't object
  - For I wasn't a Communist They came for the
  Socialists, and I didn't object - For I wasn't a
  SocialistThey came for the labor leaders, and I
  didn't object - For I wasn't a labor leaderThey
  came for the Jews, and I didn't object - For I
  wasn't a JewThen they came for me - And there
  was no one left to object.
• - Martin Niemoller, German Protestant Pastor,
  1892-1984