World War II: The Rise of Dictators

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World War II The Rise of Dictators

• You need your copy of the Cornell Notes.
• Analyze the cartoon to the right
• What do you think the old man is talking about?
• How do you think this is related to the rise of
  the dictators?

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After WWI
In the two decades following World War I, a wave
of economic and political crises swept the globe.
While many people spent the 1920s trying to cope
with the uncertainties of the postwar world, by
1929 they suddenly faced a much greater problem.
That year, the stock market in the United
States crashed. Because so many war-torn nations
had come to depend on financial help from
America, the stock markets collapse triggered a
worldwide economic depression that left millions
around the globe jobless and hungry. In response
to the turmoil, some nations turned to fascist
dictators, who promised order and stability. Not
content to merely rule a country, however, these
dictators soon looked to conquer other lands.
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The Great Depression
Worldwide Economic Depression
Long-Term Effects

• Nazis take control in Germany.
• Fascists come to power in other countries.
  (Italy)
• Democracies try social welfare programs. (US,
  Great Britain)
• Japan expands in East Asia.
• World War II breaks out.
• America attempts neutrality.

Immediate Effects

• Millions become unemployed worldwide.
• Businesses go bankrupt.
• Governments take emergency measures to protect
  economies.
• Citizens lose faith in capitalism and democracy.
• Nations turn toward authoritarian leaders.

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End of WWI

• Treaty of Versailles and reparations
• Countries had been battlegrounds
• Huge inflation took place all over Europe
• Lack of jobs in Italy
• The Italian Depression
• Italian loss of territory

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Fascists Come to Power in Italy

• Italy in a deep financial depression after WWI
• Mussolini promised order and prosperity
• Introduced fascism
• Fascism characterized by dictatorship,
  centralized control of private enterprise,
  repression of opposition, and extreme nationalism
• Used Black Shirts to impose his rule.
• Invades Ethiopia
• Makes a pact with Hitler

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SECTION 3
The Rise of Militarism
Hitlers Rise to Power in Germany
Hitler claims dictatorial powers Hitler crushes
political opposition.
Hitler is appointed chancellor of Germany
The Nazi Party wins 40 of the vote in national
elections.
Hitlers views win him many supporters.
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Hitler and the Rise of Nazi Germany

• Weimar Republic politically weak and unpopular
• Huge inflation
• Two revolutions against Weimar Republic. Once
  Hitler tried to seize power unsuccessfully. Went
  to jail.
• Huge inflation and Great Depression
• Hitler forms Nazi Party, promises reform, is
  elected as Chancellor in 1933
• Becomes dictator by 1934

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Hitlers Third Reich

• Totalitarian State Nazis controlled all.
• Huge public works programs
• Big business and labor under government control
• Built up military
• Set aside Versailles Treaty and moved military
  into the Rhineland
• Indoctrinated the youth
• Hitler despised Christianity and began to close
  churches
• Jews were persecuted as enemies of the state

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Hitlers Aggression to 1939
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Events of World War II
Pacific
Europe
1936
1931 Japan invades Manchuria
March 1936 Hitler marches troops into the
Rhineland
1937
1937 Japan invades China
April 1937 Germany attacks Guernica, Spain
1938
March 1938 Germany invades Austria
September 1938 Germany invades the Sudetenland
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Events of World War II
Pacific
Europe
1939
March 1939 Germany invades Czechoslovakia
Aug. 1939 Nonaggression pact between Germany and
the Soviet Union
Sept. 1939 Germany invades Poland World War II
begins
1940
May 1940 Evacuation of British forces at Dunkirk
1941
June 1940 France surrenders the Battle of
Britain begins
December 1941Japan attacks Pearl Harbor. US
declares war on Japan.
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Europe at WAR
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The Alliance System in 1942

• Allied Powers
• Great Britain
• France
• USSR
• United States

• Axis Powers
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
• Hungary