REFORMATION

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REFORMATION
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Between the 11th and 15th centuries, the Catholic
Church was associated with two long-running
issues which amply illustrated the unacceptable
face of Catholicism The Crusades and the
Inquisition
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• An abuse of power by the Catholic Church was the
  root cause of the Reformation. This was no
  dispute about heavenly matters or the nature of
  God, Jesus, and the Holly Ghost. The issues were
  earthbound and surrounded the manipulative
  interpretation of Gods will by the Pope.

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MARTIN LUTHER
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Martin Luther

• A monk , found the sale of indulgences a bizarre
  distortion of Christian doctrine.
• In 1517, he produced his 95 Theses, challenging
  the might of the papacy.
• Not only did he stand by his ideas, but he became
  a rallying point for the people.

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I want to preach, I want to talk, I want to
write, but I do not want to force anyone, for
faith needs to be voluntary and free and received
without fear.

• In 1534, Luther left the Monastery at Wittenberg
  and a year later he married a former Cistercian
  nun, Katharina von Bora. They had six children.

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john calvin
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John Calvin

• A law and theology student who began campaigning
  for Protestantism in the 1530s.
• Calvin shared some of Luthers beliefs, for
  example, in the authority of the Scriptures and
  the importance of personal faith.
• He wanted to see the Church running the state.
• His most famous work was the Institutes of the
  Christian Religion which lay down the rules of
  the reformed church

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• The new church evolved in England through a
  different and far less virtuous route than in
  Europe. Yes, monks and priests were renowned for
  drinking and womanizing. Yes, the taxes imposed
  by the Catholic Church in Rome were unpopular.
  But the birth of the new religious movement was
  due more to one mans vendetta than any doctrinal
  debate.

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H E N R Y VIII
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Henry VIII

• Henry VIII was happy to embrace the Church and
  its authority until its interests clashes with
  his own.
• He questioned the legitimacy of marrying the
  widow of a dead brother.
• Thomas Cromwell drew up a series of laws that
  made the monarch head of the church in England
  rather than the pope.

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BLACK
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Black Plague
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• thought to have begun in Central Asia or India
  and spread to Europe during the 1340s. The total
  number of deaths worldwide is estimated at
  75 million people approximately 25-50 million of
  which occurred in Europe.The Black Death is
  estimated to have killed 30 to 60 of Europe's
  population. It may have reduced the world's
  population from an estimated 450 million to
  between 350 and 375 million in 1400.

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• At Siena, Agnolo di Tura wrote
• "They died by the hundreds, both day and night,
  and all were thrown in ditches and covered with
  earth. And as soon as those ditches were filled,
  more were dug. And I, Agnolo di Tura buried my
  five children with my own hands And so many
  died that all believed it was the end of the
  world.

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Effects on the Church

• The Black Death led to cynicism toward religious
  officials who could not keep their promises of
  curing plague victims and banishing the disease.

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• This increased doubt in the clergys abilities.
  Extreme alienation with the Church culminated in
  either support for different religious groups
  such as the flagellants,

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• The Black Death hit the monasteries very hard
  because of their proximity with the sick, who
  sought refuge there, so that there was a severe
  shortage of clergy after the epidemic cycle.
• This resulted in a mass influx of hastily-trained
  and inexperienced clergy members, many of whom
  knew little of the discipline and rigor of the
  veterans they replaced.
• This led to abuses by the clergy in years
  afterwards and a further deterioration of the
  position of the Church in the eyes of the people.

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• BLACK Plague
• Cities and Countries were at war
• Even the Church was in trouble because the Pope
  had left Rome and moved to France (Avignon)

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Catherine (Benincasa) of Siena

• She became a Dominican tertiary.
• Mission To bring the Holy Father back to Rome
  and to teach Catholics to obey him.

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• She wrote many letters to the Holy Father,
  begging him to return to Rome and asking him to
  be a strong leader of Gods people who were
  suffering.

Why is the pope in FRANCE???