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Circulatory and Respiratory Systems

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Describe and explain the chemical and structural basis of living organisms. ... G Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome. Circulatory System- the body's highway system ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Circulatory and Respiratory Systems


1
Circulatory and Respiratory Systems
Plaques forming in arteries from cholesterol
2
PA. STANDARDS
  • 3.1.10. A.   Apply the elements of scientific
    inquiry to solve problems.
  • 3.1.10. B.Examine the advantages of using models
    to demonstrate processes and outcomes
  • 3.2.10. A.   Apply the elements of scientific
    inquiry to solve problems.
  • 3.3.10. B.    Describe and explain the chemical
    and structural basis of living organisms.

3
Circulatory System
  • Objectives
  • List five types of molecules that are transported
    by the cardiovascular system
  • Differentiate between arteries, capillaries, and
    veins.
  • Relate the function of the lymphatic system to
    the functions of the cardiovascular and immune
    systems

4
DO NOW
  • Analyze the following graph and list three facts
    that the data tells you.
  • What data is missing from the graphs?

5
Leading Causes of Death for Black or
African-American Males and Females United States
2002 Source CDC
D Assault (Homicide) E HIV(AIDS) F Diabetes
Mellitus G Nephritis, Nephrotic Syndrome
A Total CVD (Preliminary) B Cancer C Accidents
6
Circulatory System- the bodys highway system
  • Function- to connect the muscles and organs of
    the body through an extensive system of vessels
    that transport blood and different types of
    molecules to the tissues.
  • Five types of molecules
  • Nutrients from digested food (carbs, lipids,
    proteins)
  • Oxygen from the lungs
  • Metabolic wastes for excretion (CO2)
  • Hormones
  • Heat (Homeostasis)

7
Circulatory System
  • Structures- (Fig. 2 pg. 873 Holt)
  • Heart- a muscular pump
  • Arteries-blood vessels that carry blood away from
    the heart (A away)
  • Arterioles- connects arteries to capillaries
  • Capillaries-tiny blood vessels that exchange
    gases, nutrients, hormones and molecules.
  • Venules-connect capillaries to veins
  • Veins- returns blood to the heart
  • Valves prevent blood from flowing backwards
  • Weak and dilated veins Varicose veins,
    hemorrhoids

8
Circulatory System Activity
  • In groups of three draw an outline of a human
    body on the paper
  • Draw the heart.
  • Using the red marker draw the arteries and
    arterioles and capillaries branching off.
  • Using the blue markers draw the venules and veins
    leading back to the heart.
  • Place arrows showing the direction of the blood
    flow.
  • Using figure 4. (p. 875) add the organs of the
    lymphatic system.

9
Cardiovascular System

10
Assessment
  • List five types of molecules that are transported
    to the tissues in your body by the blood stream.
  • List the direction of blood flow beginning with
    your heart.
  • List three organs that are in the lymphatic
    system.

11
Components of Blood
  • Do Now
  • List two diseases of the blood.

12
Components of Blood
  • Plasma- water, metabolites and wastes. Salts,
    proteins
  • Blood cells
  • Red blood cells- carry oxygen, 1mL 5 million, 4
    months, produced by stem cells in bone marrow
  • White blood cells- leukocytes, defense,
    1-2wbc/1000 rbc, have nuclei
  • Platelets-not a cell, clotting

13
What blood type are you?
14
Activity Looking at Cells
  • Using the microscope observe and draw each type
    of blood cell.
  • What does a sickle cell look like?
  • Compare the shape to a normal red blood cell.
  • How does the shape effect the function?

15
OBJECTIVES
  • Summarize the path that blood follows through the
    heart.
  • Describe three ways to monitor the health of the
    circulatory system.
  • Name two vascular diseases, and identify factors
    that contribute to their development.

16
Circulation of Blood- Fig 9, p. 881
  • Superior and inferior vena cava
  • Right Atrium
  • Right Ventricle
  • Pulmonary arteries
  • Lung
  • Pulmonary veins
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle
  • Aorta
  • Body


17
Monitoring the CV System
  • Blood pressure is the force exerted by blood as
    it moves through blood vessels.
  • Electrocardiograms (ECGs or EKGs) measures tiny
    electrical impulses produced from the heart
    muscle as it contracts
  • Heart Rate- pulse- pressure waves within an
    artery caused by contractions of the left
    ventricle

18
ACTIVITY
  • Find a partner
  • Using your index and middle fingers to find your
    pulse on your wrist or neck
  • Your partner will watch the clock
  • Count how many times you feel your heart beat
    for ten seconds
  • Multiply this number by six
  • Do this three times and find your average resting
    heart rate
  • Now it is your partners turn

19
ACTIVITY
  • Now stand up and do as many jumping jacks you can
    for one minute
  • Your partner will watch the clock
  • Find your pulse and count how many heart beats
    for 10 seconds
  • Multiply this number by six
  • Do this three times, record your average
  • Now it is your partners turn

20
Data Analysis
  • How does your heart rate differ from your
    classmates?
  • Why does your heart rate increase during
    exercise?
  • What factors would contribute to a difference in
    these numbers?

21
Heart Attacks and Strokes
  • Heart attacks occur when an area of the heart
    muscle stops working and dies due to blockage in
    an artery.
  • Strokes occur when an area of the brain dies.
    Death or varying degrees of disability may result.

22
Blockage of Arteries
  • Blockage of an artery may be caused by plaque
    build up or a blood clot and it blocks the flow
    of blood to the heart or brain.
  • Atherosclerosis-build up of fatty deposits,
    including cholesterol
  • Arteriosclerosis- calcium is deposited in the
    fatty buildup and causes hardening of the
    arteries.

23
Risk Factors of Heart Disease
  • Uncontrollable risk factors
  • Age
  • sex
  • family history of heart disease
  • Controllable risk factors
  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol levels
  • Cigarette smoking
  • So exercise, eat a healthy diet, treat high blood
    pressure and cholesterol levels!

24
Activity
  • Students will keep a week long record of the food
    they eat and exercise.
  • Students will bring in the two nutritional labels
    of their favorite foods.
  • Using the calorie/fat content book look up the
    caloric and fat contents of the foods you had.
  • Understanding food labels video.

25
Assessment
  • Are you at risk?
  • What changes can you make in your life style to
    lower your risk?
  • How will you convince your family?
  • How can you make a family recipe healthier?

26
RESOURCES
http//www.americanheart.org/ http//www.fda.gov
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