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FLOTATION OF MINERAL MATERIALS
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Classification of materials according to their
ability to flotation
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Class 1. Naturally hydrophobic materials
Graphite, talc, sulfur, some sulfides, coals
collectors apolar compounds which increase
hydrophobicity and speed up flotation
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Simplified model of coal unit
Contact angle depends on method of
measurement
Hydrophobicity of coal vs. coalification degree
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Zeta potential (and electrical charge) depends on
coalification degree
Coalification vs H, O, and C content in natural
carbonaceous matter
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Class 2. Native metals and sulfides
A) Metals occurring in nature iron, mercury,
copper, gold, platinum metals
B. Sulfides lead (galena, PbS) copper
(chalcocite, covellite, chalcopyrite, bornite)
silver (argentite) zync (sphalerite)
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Class 2. Native metals and sulfides
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Xanthate flotation of pyrite
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Class 3. Oxidized minerals of non-ferrous metals
cerussite (PbCO3) vanadinite (Pb5Cl(VO4)3)
anglesite (PbSO4) malachite (CuCO3Cu(OH)2
azurite (2CuCO3Cu(OH)2) chrysocolla (hydrated
copper silicate) tenorite (CuO) cuprite (Cu2O)
smithsonite (ZnCO3)
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Class 3. Oxidized minerals of non-ferrous metals
Approaches
1. Sulfidization
2. Flotation using either cationic or anionic
collectors (as in the case of oxide-type
minerals)
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Class 4. Oxides and hydroxides
Consists of simple oxides (Fe2O3, SnO2),
oxyhydroxides (AlOOH) as well as complex oxides
and complex hydroxides (spinels, silicates,
aluminosilicates).
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Class 4. Oxides and hydroxides
Oleate flotation of oxide and silicates
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Class 4. Oxides and hydroxides
Amine flotation of quartz
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Class 5. Sparingly soluble salts
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Class 5. Sparingly soluble salts
NaOl - sodium oleate, DDA-dodecylamine, SDS,-
sodium dedecyl sulfite
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Class 5. Sparingly soluble salts
Flotation with potassium octylohydroxymate
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Class 5. Sparingly soluble salts
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Class 6. Soluble salts
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Class 6. Soluble salts
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Hallimond flotation cell
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Laboratory Mechanobr flotation machine
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Denver DR flotation machine
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Jameson flotation cell
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