Kingdom Protista

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Kingdom Protista The Catch-All Kingdom
Protozoans
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Characteristics

• Single celled
• Microscopic
• Move independently named for mechanism of
  movement
• 65,000 species
• Most heterotrophic
• Free-living or parasitic
• All capable of asexual reproduction through
  binary or multiple fission
• Some reproduce sexually through conjugation

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Sexual reproduction
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Asexual reproduction

• Binary
• fission

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Schizogony

• Asexual reproduction in multiple fission, as in
  Malaria

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Classification

• Currently based on HOW they MOVE
• Reviewing this by looking at phylogeny

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4 Phyla of Protozoans

• Sarcodina
• Ciliophora
• Zoomastigina
• Sporozoa

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Adaptations

• Physiological mechanisms, like eyespots
• Form cysts
• Multiple nuclei

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Evolution of Protista

• Prokaryotes 3.5 billion years ago
• Eukaryotes 1.5 billion years ago
• Protozoan thought to be descendents of first
  eukaryotes
• Endosymbiotic Theory

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Endosymbiotic Theory
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Phylums
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Sarcodina

• 40,000 species
• Amoebas
• Pseudopodia most move
• Cytoplasmic streaming
• Eat other protists
• Ecological roles
• forams tests made from caco3 sink to bottom
  and make limestone and chalk deposits
• Radiolaria t4ests made form sio2
• Cause diseases like amebic dysentary

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Phylum Ciliophora

• 8,000 species
• Move using cilia
• Pellicle, oral groove, gullet, macronucleus,
  micronucleus
• Paramecium

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Phylum Zoomastigina

• 2,500 species
• Move using flagella
• Most free-living
• Cause disease zooflagellates
• African trypanosomiasis sleeping sickness
  tsetse fly
• Chagas Disease kissing bug
• Leishmaniasis sand fly
• giardiasis

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The tsetse fly sleeping sickness vector
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The Kissing Bug
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Leishmaniasis
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Phylum Sporozoa

• 6,000 species
• Carried in blood
• Cause disease like toxoplasmosis and malaria
• Know malaria cycle!!!!

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The end for now.
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