Early English Migration Map

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Early English Migration Map
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New England
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Different!

• Objective more idealistic
• Freedom of Worship
• More faithfully reproduced English life in the
  New World
• Social life town life more dynamic settlement!

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Plymouth Rock - 1620
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Plymouth

• First permanent colony in the north
• Pilgrims religious left-wingers
• Separatists fled the country
• 1609 to Holland
• 1620 to Americas
• Hit the beach at Plymouth Rock
• Not a successful colony
• Boston much more so

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Boston Massachusetts Bay Colony

• Members were Puritans
• The most obvious difference between the Pilgrims
  and the Puritans is that the Puritans had no
  intention of
  breaking with the Anglican church. The Puritans
  were nonconformists as were the Pilgrims, both of
  which refusing to accept an authority beyond that
  of the revealed word. But where with the Pilgrims
  this had translated into something closer to an
  egalitarian mode, the Puritans considered
  religion a very complex, subtle, and highly
  intellectual affair," and its leaders thus were
  highly trained scholars, whose education tended
  to translate into positions that were often
  authoritarian.

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Map early New England Migration
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Land Distribution

• Distinctive New England style
• Compact communities
• Adjacent

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Land Survey Systems
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Anyway

• Lots of 5 to 10 acres house, garden and orchard
• Very egalatarian
• Assigned by drawing
• Some variation - e.g., proprietor go first
• Town plots and farm plots
• Purpose communities of small landholders

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Village Green

• Commons (and the tragedy thereof)

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Sum advantages

• Compactness of settlement social and cultural
  values could be maintained
• Quote

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Josiah Holland, 1855 in History of Massachusetts

• The influence of this policy (community
  settlement) can only be fully appreciated when
  standing by the side of the solitary settlers
  hut in the West, where even an Eastern man has
  degnerated to a boor in manners, where his
  children have grown up uneducated, and where the
  sabbath has become an unknow day, and religion
  and its obligations have ceased to exercise
  control upon the heart an life.

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Sum - advantages

• Compactness of settlement
• Protection from Indian attack
• Elimination of land speculation played very
  large role in American frontier history
• Tradition of community planning carried to much
  of the west (e.g., Mormon communities)

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Sum - negatives

• Closed societies, once surveyed and settled,
  proprietors often refused any more newcomers
• Hence, privileged landholding class
• Later arrivals often laborers and renters
• Political power landowners
• Aka the Landed Gentry

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1680s New England

• Settlment comparable to that in the south i.e.,
  the lowland areas all occupied, including coast
  and fertile interior vallesy expansion up into
  the hills, and across the uplands societal
  differences on less productive land but then.

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1675-77 King Phillips War

• The story Amazon.com
• Great Significance
• Coastal indian resistance pretty much eliminated
  repopulated French and Indian Wars more in the
  interior for the next century
• New institution military town on periphery

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Map early colonies
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Map Colonies 1660
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Map Colonies 1672
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Other colonies

• New Netherlands Dutch
• 1621 colony of Dutch West India Company
• Settlement policy feudalistic large tracts of
  land to prominent investors (patroons) tenant
  farmers
• New Amsterdam, at foot of Manhattan, focus of all
  trade in and out of colony.
• 1664 captured by English and New York

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Map USA pre 1763
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1770 - Economy
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1770 - Immigrants
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1770 - Settlement
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Map boundaries in new nation