Early Colonial History

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Early Colonial History

• A Review

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MAP 3.4 The Proprietary Colonies After the
restoration of the Stuart monarchy in 1660, King
Charles II of England created the new proprietary
colonies of Carolina, New York, Pennsylvania, and
New Jersey. New Hampshire was set off as a royal
colony in 1680, and in 1704, the lower counties
of Pennsylvania became the colony of Delaware.
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Southern Colonies Maryland Virginia North
Carolina South Carolina Georgia
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• Chesapeake Colonies
• Maryland
• Virginia
• Still part of the Southern Colonies

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s.colonies

• Southern Colonies
• Indentured servants
• slavery to work the large plantations
• rice, tobacco and cotton
• fertile soil
• cities Charleston, Savannah Baltimore
• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

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CHART THIRTEEN COLONIES
Colony/Date Person Responsible
Why Founded Governed/Owner
Virginia---1607 Jamestown Joint Stock Company Virginia Company Captain John Smith John Rolfe Attract new settlers for Dutch and Swedish colonists Representative Govt House of Burgesses Royal Colony
Maryland--1634 Lord Baltimore Religious tolerationthose who believed in Christ---allowed persecuted Catholics to settle in Maryland Representative govt Proprietary Colony
North/South Carolina In 1663 John Locke 8 English nobles Setup a new colony based upon social classesFailed and divided into 2 parts Representative govt Royal Colony
Georgia1732 James Oglethorpe Provide a place for debtors could start a new life---Acted as a buffer against Spanish Florida Royal Colony
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TheLondonCompany,1606
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This illustration is a detail of John Smiths map
of Virginia. It includes the names of many Indian
villages, suggesting how densely settled was the
Indian population of the coast of Chesapeake Bay.
For the inset of Powhatan and his court in the
upper left, the engraver borrowed images from
John Whites drawings of the Indians of the
Roanoke area. SOURCE(a)Princeton University
Library (b)Library of Congress.
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Chief Powhatan
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Powhatan Confederacy
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Captain John Smith
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Pocahontas
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John Rolfe
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Indentured Servitude
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English Migration 1610-1660
Headright System
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Slavery
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Early Colonial Tobacco
1618 Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of
tobacco. 1622 Despite losing nearly
one-third of its colonists in an
Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000
pounds of tobacco. 1627 Virginia
produces 500,000 pounds of
tobacco. 1629 Virginia produces 1,500,000
pounds of tobacco.
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VirginiaHouse of Burgesses
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1622 IndianUprisings
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Governor BerkeleysFault Line
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Nathaniel Bacons Rebellion 1676
Nathaniel Bacon
GovernorWilliam Berkeley
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MarylandLord Baltimore Calvert Family

• Proprietary colony
• Started as safe haven for CATHOLICS
• 1649 Act of Religious Toleration
• Following Protestant Revolution 1689 toleration
  was revoked and Catholics persecuted until
  American Revolution

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Pilgrims?
vs.
Puritans?
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The Mayflower
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The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620
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William Bradford
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The Mason Children, by an unknown Boston artist,
ca. 1670. These Puritan childrenDavid, Joanna,
and Abigail Masonare dressed in finery, an
indication of the wealth and prominence of their
family. The cane in young Davids hand indicates
his position as the male heir, while the rose
held by Abigail is a symbol of childhood
innocence. SOURCEAttributed to the Freake-Gibbs
Painter,American,active Boston,MA.,ca.1670.The
Mason ChildrenDavid,Joanna,and Abigail ,
1670.Oil on canvas,39 421 in.The Fine Arts
Museum of San Francisco,Gift of Mr.and Mrs.John
D.Rockefeller 3rd,1979,7.3. 1 2
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John Winthrop
We shall be as a city on a hill..
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Puritan Rebels
Roger Williams
Anne Hutchinson
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The Pequot Wars 1636-1637
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A Pequot VillageDestroyed, 1637
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King Phillips War (1675-1676)
Indians and New Englanders skirmish during King
Philips War in a detail from John Sellers A
Mapp of New England, published immediately after
the war. SOURCEJohn Seller Map of New
England,1675.Courtesy of the John Carter Brown
Library at Brown University.
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Pennsylvania The Holy Experiment
The Delawares presented William Penn with this
wampum belt after the Shackamaxon Treaty of 1682.
In friendship, a Quaker in distinctive hat clasps
the hand of an Indian. The diagonal stripes on
either side of the figures convey information
about the territorial terms of the agreement.
Wampum belts like this one, made from strings of
white and purple shells, were used to commemorate
treaties throughout the colonial period and were
the most widely accepted form of money in the
northeastern colonies during the seventeenth
century. SOURCEPhotograph by Gavin Ashworth.The
Historical Society of Pennsylvania.