Early Colonies

1
Early Colonies Have Mixed Success
2
In this section you will learn that two early
English colonies failed, but Jamestown survived
partly through individual effort and hard work.
3
HOW DID THE ENGLISH GET A FOOTHOLD IN NORTH
AMERICA?
ENGLAND NOW CAN GRAB A PIECE OF THE AMERICAN PIE!
IN THE 1500s THE SPANISH LAID CLAIM TO MUCH OF NORTH AMERICA
IN 1588 THE ENGLISH PUNK THE SPANISH ARMADA IN EUROPE (OUCH!)
SO
THEN
4
Defeat of the Spanish Armada, 1588, depicts the
battle of Gravelines.
5
WHY DID THE ENGLISHWANT TO COLONIZE NORTH
AMERICA?
Find a passage through the Americas to the Indies
Increase trade
REASONS FOR ENGLAND TO COLONIZE NORTH AMERICA
Find gold
Import raw materials
Establish the Protestant faith in America
6
Find economic opportunities
Seek gold
REASONS AN ENGLISHMAN MIGHT GO TO AMERICA
Escape religious persecution
7
Portrait of Queen Elizabeth I who gave Sir Walter
Raleigh permission to set up a colony at Roanoke.
8
In 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh set up a colony at
Roanoke. The colony failed. Urged by the artist
John White, Raleigh tried again in 1587, this
time with 100 settlers including members of
Whites family, who disappeared without a trace.
In 1607, the Plymouth Company sponsored a colony
in Maine. It also failed.
9
Portrait of Walter Raleigh, near age 32, by
Nicholas Hilliard, c.1585
10
A map of the Roanoke area, by John White
11
A sketch by John White of Indians at Roanoke.
12
In 1607, the Virginia Company of London financed
a colony at Jamestown, Virginia. In 1608, John
Smith took control of the Jamestown colony. 800
more colonists arrived in 1609, and by 1621
Jamestown had grown to more than 2,000.
13
James I of England from the period 16031613,
authorized the James Town settlement after whom
it is named.
14
Arrival at Jamestown
15
The 1609 charter for the Virginia colony "from
sea to sea"
16
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17
At Jamestown Settlement, replicas of Christopher
Newport's 3 ships are docked in the harbor.
18
Sketch of Jamestown c. 1608
19
The Inside of the First Church in Jamestown,
where the first law in America was made
20
The Native American warriors took Captain Smith
prisoner.
21
FOR UNDERSTANDING
QUICK CHECK
22
In 1607, the Virginia Company of London financed
a colony at______, Virginia. In 1608, ______ took
control of that colony.

• 1) Jonestown, Jim Jones
• 2) Johnstown, John Smith

• 3) Roanoke, John White
• 4) Jamestown, John Smith

23
Which of the following was not a reason why
England set up colonies in North America

• 1) Increase trade
• 2) Find gold

• 3) Establish the Catholic faith in America
• 4) Find a passage through the Americas to the
  Indies

24
Thanks to successful campaigns against the
Spanish in Europe, ______ was able to begin
competing with Spain for economic superiority in
North America.

• 1) Mexico
• 2) England

• 3) The Netherlands.
• 4) Portugal

25
Many English colonists voyaged to America for all
the following reasons except

• 1) Establish a mission system.
• 2) Seek gold.

• 3) Escape religious persecution.
• 4) Find economic opportunities.

26
In 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh set up a colony
at______. The colony failed. Urged by the
artist______, Raleigh tried again in 1587.

• 1) Connecticut, Michelangelo
• 2) Jamestown, King James

• 3) Roanoke, John White
• 4) Plymouth, John Rolfe

27
In 1612, John Rolfe developed a high-grade
tobacco that the colonists learned to grow. It
became very popular in England.
28
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29
Settlers were offered 50 acres of land if they
paid for their own passage to the colonies.
Those who could not afford passage to America,
borrowed money and became indentured servants,
who worked for many years in order to pay back
the loans.
30
The 1606 grants by James I to the London and
Plymouth companies. The overlapping area (yellow)
was granted to both companies on the stipulation
that neither found a settlement within 100 miles
of each other.
31
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32
The strict rule of the colonists Governor forced
his replacement by an elected assembly called the
House of Burgesses.
33
As the number of colonists increased, their
relationship with the Powhatan natives grew
worse. In an effort to improve relations between
the English and the Powhatan, John Rolfe married
Chief Powhatans daughter, Pocahontas in 1614.
34
An 1850s painting of John Rolfe and Pocahontas
35
John White
Sir Walter Raleigh
colony at Roanoke
Pocahontas
John Smith
colony at Jamestown
John Rolfe
36
A 1616 engraving of Pocahontas by Simon van de
Passe.The original English caption (not visible
here) reads "Matoaks als Rebecka daughter to the
mighty Prince Powhatan Emperour of
Attanoughkomouck als virginia converted and
baptized in the Christian faith, and wife to the
wor.th Mr. Joh. Rolff."The inscription under the
portrait reads "Aetatis suae 21 A. 1616", Latin
for "at the age of 21 in the year 1616".
37
Chief Powhatan in a longhouse at Werowocomoco
(detail of John Smith map, 1612)
38
Fed up of the ever expanding colonists, the
Powhatan natives killed hundreds of Jamestowns
residents in 1622.
39
The Native American people lived very differently
than the English settlers who came to stay.
40
Indian massacre of 1622, depicted in a 1628
woodcut
41
Nathaniel Bacon led a group of landless settlers
against Governor William Berkeley, and burned
Jamestown to the ground in 1676, in a revolt that
came to be known as Bacons rebellion.
42
Portrait of Nathaniel Bacon.
43
FOR UNDERSTANDING
QUICK CHECK
44
In 1612, ______ developed a high-grade ______
that the colonists learned to grow.

• 1) John Rolfe, corn
• 2) John Rolfe, tobacco

• 3) John Smith, tobacco
• 4) John Ratcliffe, corn

45
Fed up of the ever expanding colonists, ______
killed hundreds of Jamestowns residents in 1622.

• 1) the Powhatan natives
• 2) Nathaniel Bacon

• 3) the Spanish
• 4) Queen Elisabeth I

46
The strict rule of the colonists Governor forced
his replacement by an elected assembly called the
______ .

• 1) Court of Burgesses
• 2) Court of Charles I

• 3) House of Commons
• 4) House of Burgesses

47
Those who could not afford passage to America,
borrowed money and became______, who worked for
many years in order to pay back the loans.

• 1) Puritans
• 2) indentured servants

• 3) wealthy land owners
• 4) Free Masons

48
Nathaniel Bacon led a group of landless settlers
against Governor William Berkeley, and burned
Jamestown to the ground in 1676, in a revolt that
came to be known as______ .

• 3) the charge of the light brigade
• 4) the boxer rebellion

• 1) the great migration
• 2) Bacons rebellion

49
John Rolfe married Chief Powhatans daughter,
______ in 1614.

• 1) Nakatani
• 2) Pocatani

• 3) Pocahatan
• 4) Pocahontas