A'P model of SHGs

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• A.P model of SHGs Their Federations
• Indira kranthi patham

P. Usha Rani State Project Manager Society for
Elimination of Rural Poverty Dept. of Rural
Development, Govt. of A.P 13.11.08
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• Vision of A.P
• Each family in the state should be out of
  poverty, and, enjoy-
• Life with dignity, voice
• Intra family equity equal status for women
• Freedom from hunger
• Decent Income gtRs.5000 per month, 3 - 4
  sources
• Planned household expenditure
• Risk management - life, health, assets and
  incomes
• Education, health and shelter

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Our core beliefs about poor

• Poor have a strong desire and innate ability to
  come out of poverty
• Poor have a strong sense of self-help and
  volunteerism
• Obstacles psychological, social, economic,
  political - suppress their innate capability
• Social mobilization to unleash their innate
  abilities
• Poor can come out of poverty only through their
  own institutions
• Social mobilization not automatic, needs to be
  induced
• Hence, need for sensitive support institutions
  for poor

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Genesis of A.P programme

• A long term strategy for poverty eradication
• Women S.H.Gs in A.Pmass literacy campaigns from
  1990 - 95 - initiative of District Collectors
• Simultaneously N.G.Os fostering S.H.Gs
• N.A.B.A.R.D directions to banks to finance S.H.Gs
  in 1992
• S.A.A.R.C Colombo Summit 1992
• First Independent South Asia Commission on
  Poverty Alleviation - 1993 (Meeting the
  challenges)
• S.A.A.R.C Dhaka Summit 1993

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Critical role of Govt. of A.P

• UNDP-SAPAP Project (1995 2000)
• Scaling up SAPAP - World Bank fund support (2000
  continuing)
• Setting up of S.E.R.P
• District level initiatives of Collectors
• Support from all line departments
• Strong and sustained commitment of successive
  Chief Ministers of A.P to this process
• Govt vision to cover each and every poor family
  in the state

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Role of S.E.R.P

• Sensitive support organization for the poor
• Autonomous society, set up by Government in 2000
• Chief Minister Chairman of General Body of
  S.E.R.P
• Statewide mandate
• firm conviction in the capability of poor, and,
  in organizations of the poor

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S.E.R.P mission

• To induce social mobilization
• To provide facilitation support to institutions
  of poor
• To sensitize all line departments to be inclusive
  of the needs of the poor
• To sensitise banks, insurance companies, and
  other service providers

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Strategy
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C.B.Os implement the project
Zilla Samakhya

• Mandal Samakhyas and V.Os plan and implement the
  various
• project components
• Each Mandal is divided into three Clusters of
  10-12 habitations.
• A development professional, called Community
  Coordinator (CC) is placed in each Cluster. S/he
  stays in her cluster.
• SERP selects and trains them. After completion of
  training, they are contracted by the MS and are
  accountable to MS.
• M.S responsible for social mobilisation,
  institution building and funding the microplans
  of S.H.Gs/V.Os from C.I.F
• Micro credit plans are evolved by the S.H.Gs in
  each village. These plans are funded by their own
  savings, CIF fund and Bank Linkage.
• V.Os responsible for appraising the microplans
  and recommending them to M.S for financing from
  C.I.F
• V.Os appraise microplans and also finance them
  from the recycled C.I.F

Mandal Samakhya
Village Organization
SELF HELP GROUPS
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Rationale for promoting SHG Federations

• Poverty elimination is the goal of the SHGs
• Poverty is eliminated only through multi-pronged
  initiatives
• SHGs individually can not handle the
  multi-pronged approach to poverty elimination
• Hence the Federations

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SHG Federations at a Glance in AP

• 7.28 lakh SHGs covering 90.97 lakh women
• SHGs federated into 34,236 Village Organisations
  (VOs) at village level
• Village Organisations Federated into 1088 Mandal
  Samakyas at Mandal level
• Mandal Samakyas federated into 22 Zilla Samakyas
  in each of the 22 Districts in AP
• SHG Federations actively involved in wide range
  of poverty elimination initiatives

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Structure Of Village Organisation
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Activities of Village Organisation

• Promotion of SHGs
• Identification of left over Poorest of the poor
  Poor Formation of new SHGs
• Monitoring of the performance of SHGs
• Supporting SHGs in Problem solving Conflict
  resolution
• Training SHG bookkeepers on Bookkeeping
• Conducting Audit of SHG books of accounts
• Till now 2.95 lakh new SHGs are promoted and 1.1
  lakh SHG bookkeepers are trained by VOs

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Activities of Village Organisation

• Financial intermediation
• Supporting SHGs in preparing Micro Credit plans
• Prioritization of Loans
• Disbursement and recovery of Community Investment
  Fund (CIF)
• Establishment of Community Based Recovery
  Mechanism (CBRM)
• Facilitates SHG bank linkage ensures 100
  repayment
• 4,31,515 SHGs accessed bank loans
• Rs. 5,882.8 Crs in 2007-08

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Activities of Village Organisation

• Promotes Livelihood activities of the poor
• Management of food security activities through
  village procurement centers -21.1 lakh families
  in 13,379 VOs
• Management of land purchase access to land
  activities through land functional committee at
  VO level - purchased 4,474 acres, 1.05 lakh poor
  persons land issues are resolved
• Established farmers field schools for Non
  Pesticide Management - 3.94 hectares acres in
  2007-08 in 2,095 villages 2.9 lakh families

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Activities of Village Organisation

• Promotes Livelihood activities of the poor
• Establishment of Village milk collection centers
  for promotion of dairy activities introduced
  new technologies viz., electronic milkotesters,
  price display boards - 5,760 Village milk
  collection centers in 2007/08
• Management of marketing activities through
  establishment of procurement committees
  advisory committees - 63 commodities are procured
  and marketed in 3016 Procurement centers

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Activities of Village Organisation

• Assists the SHGs in dealing with social issues
• Management of Health savings, health risk fund,
  nutrition cum day care centers and pre-primary
  schools 1.17 lakh members health savings Rs.
  78 lakh Rs. 18 crs as Health risk fund
  established 200 nutrition and day centers
• Organised 1,95,435 differently abled persons into
  21,546 SHGs
• Establishment of social action committees and
  family counseling centers for dealing gender
  issues In 229 Family counseling centers 293
  cases are dealt in 602 mandals

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Process to establish Nutrition cum day care center

Planning meeting
Sharing Survey details
Pregnant lactating women
Mothers nutritional care Day care for
children
Mother-in-lawsoath

Fixed Nutrition and Health Day

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Activities of Village Organisation

• Enables SHGs to access all Govt Programs at
  village level
• Creating awareness on NREGS among SHG members
  wage labourers NREGS in getting job cards,
  opening post office/bank accounts, submitting
  application for work
• Developing labour demand land development MCPs
• Supporting SHG members in accessing Housing
  programe facilitating Bank loans, provision of
  materials ensuring the quality
• Disbursement of pensions

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Structure of Mandal Samakhya
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Activities of Mandal Samakhya

• Promotion of VOs
• Formation of VOs
• Developing quality parameters quality control
  of VOs
• Capacity building of SHGs through Community
  Resource persons strategy conducting structured
  trainings
• Training the VO bookkeepers
• Conducting Audit of VO books of accounts
• Management of Mandal Training center

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Activities of Mandal Samakhya

• Financial intermediation
• Support VOs in preparing Micro Credit plans
• Prioritization of Loans
• Disbursement and recovery of Community Investment
  Fund (CIF)
• Establishment of Bank Linkage committees asset
  verification committees, participating in Joint
  mandal level bankers meetings at Mandal level
  placing of point persons case managers for each
  bank branch
• Mobilised own corpus of Rs. 3872.15 crs and
  received Rs. 1518.97 crs of grant from State Govt

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Collaboration among CBOs- Financial Intermediation
Village Organization
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Activities of Mandal Samakhya

• Promotes Livelihood activities of the poor
• Established Bulk Milk Cooling Centers for
  promotion of dairy activities introduced new
  technologies viz., Computers - Procuring 1.64
  lakhs of litres/day in 85 BMCUs. Targeted to
  establish 316 by 2008-09
• Supports VOs in management of Village procurement
  centers, farmer field schools, land purchase
  access to land activities

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Bulk Milk Cooling Unit
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Activities of Mandal Samakhya

• Assists the VOs in dealing with social issues
• Support to persons with disability
• Financial assistance for creation of livelihoods
• Community based assessment, treatment and
  rehabilitation services
• Promotion of convergence with line departments
• Child labour
• Identification of child labour, motivating
  parents and admitting them in bridge course camps

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Activities of Mandal Samakhya

• Higher Education
• Providing education loans to members children
• Partnership with corporate colleges
  professional courses like engineering, medicine
  etc
• Gender
• Fighting against all forms of violence on women,
  HIV-aids, Jogini systems, women trafficking,
  child marriages, anti arrack, support to young
  widows and sex workers
• Enables VOs to access all Govt Programs at
  village level
• Convergence with line departments, financial and
  non-financial institutions

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Structure of Zilla Samakhya
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Activities of Zilla Samakhya

• Promotion of MSs
• Promotion of mainstream MSs and Exclusive MSs for
  vulnerable communities viz., Persons with
  disability, tribals, Chenchu, fishermen
• Formulation of policies that promotes
  self-management and financial sustainability of
  CBOs
• Capacity building of SHGs, VOs and MSs through
  CRP strategy
• Monitoring of the performance of MSs
• Training the mandal level CBO staff leaders
• Conducting Audit of MS books of accounts
• Formed 158 exclusive MSs till now trained
  11,496 Community resource persons

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Activities of Zilla Samakhya

• Promotes Livelihood activities of the poor
• Land Purchase Access to Land
• Identification of land issues of the poor
  development of data base of physical inventory of
  lands at land cell
• Working partnership with Revenue Department/LSAs,
  law colleges institutions
• Capacity building of CBOs through Land CRPs
• There are 21 Legal Coordinators, 15 Land
  Managers, 403 paralegals and 540 Community
  surveyors
• 4,795 POP Poor purchased 4,474 acres costing
  Rs. 2,897.23 lakhs
• So far 1.8 lakh poor persons land issues were
  identified and out of it 1.05 lakh poor persons
  land issues are resolved - 66,744 acres of land

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Activities of Zilla Samakhya

• Promotes Livelihood activities of the poor
• Jobs for Youth
• Collection of educated un-employed youth data and
  establishment of data base at ZS level through
  Job resource persons
• Market scan for jobs, skills upgradation and
  placement services in partnership with private
  sector
• 1,12,436 unemployed youth trained and placed in
  jobs in private sector Rs.120.0 cores
• Major partners G-4 Securitas, Dr Reddys
  Foundation, Team Lease, Reliance
• Mentors/Employers McDonald, Dell, Microsoft,
  Pizza Hut, Bajaj, Tata companies, Wipro, etc
• Incomes Districts Rs.20,000 p.a. upwards
• Metros - Rs.36,000 p.a
  upwards
• Sectors Services, security, IT, transport,
  agri-business, construction and textiles areas

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Activities of Zilla Samakhya

• Assists the MSs in dealing with social Security
  activities
• Insurance
• Enrollment of beneficiaries through formation of
  village enrollment committees
• Conducting gram sambas and finalizing the list
• Establishment of call centers at ZS level,
  computerization of data and registration of
  claims at ZS level
• Capacity building of CBOs through Bhima Mitras
• Appointment of case managers in hospital for
  health insurance scheme
• Collected premium of Rs. 15.37 crs and covered
  27.97 lakh families under Community managed death
  and disability insurance
• Enrolled about 38 lakh individual under Aam
  Aadhmi Bhima Yojana through CBOs
• 82,422 families paid a premium of Rs. 3.01 crs
  and enrolled under health insurance scheme
• Cattle insurance in one ZS 60,000 members
  enrolled

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OPERATIONAL FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF
VOKatarupalli Village Gandlapenta Mandal,
Anantapur District
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OPERATIONAL FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF
MANDAL SAMAKHYAGandlapenta Mandal, Anantapur
District
Note Income to MS implies the interest margin
(6) earned on Seed Capital Loan from VOs
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Holistic Approach to Poverty Eradication

• Comprenhesive food security Covering 18 lakh
  families
• Bank linkagesRs.3063 crs in 2006/07
• Livelihood promotion Agri, dairy, Jobs
• Social issues Gender, HN, Disability
  Education
• Land access development
• Accessing all anti-poverty programmes housing,
  Pensions, NREGS

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Key Strategies Adopted for Sustainability of
CBOs

• Community to community approach
• Mechanism for continuous capacity building
  facilitation support
• Selection and Positioning of staff from local
  communities their management by CBOs
• Adopting principle of susidiarity
• Autonomy independence at every level
• Interest spread at every level
• Self-management self-monitoring mechanisms

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Key impacts Outreach

• Programme present in every village
• 90 of rural poor households organized
• 87.5 lakhs women organised into 7.0 lakh S.H.Gs
• 33,747 VOs, 1097 MSs and 22 Z.Ss formed
• P.I.P helps identification of poorest of poor
  in each village
• Special efforts to ensure all are in groups
• Special institutional structures for
  vulnerable tribal communities, coastal fisher
  folk, persons with disability
• Labelling of all S.H.Gs in the state economic
  and social to track targeting
• Banks lending based on micro-credit planning

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Key impacts Social capital development

• 14,00,000 women leaders
• 180,000 para-professionals working for S.H.Gs and
  V.Os
• 12,000 community resource persons fuelling the
  social mobilisation process across the state
• Intensive social mobilisation - strong
  institutions, and, champions from poor
• C.R.Ps for scale up social mobilisation
• Emergence of C.R.Ps from thematic areas

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Key impacts Financial support to poor

• CIF support to Mandal samakhyas
• Project facilitated financial intermediation by
  federations M.S V.O S.H.G member
• C.I.F (World bank project) and S.G.S.Y funds
  channeled to federations
• Catalytic role of the fund
• Enable poorest of poor to get a sizeable loan and
  build their credit record
• Innovate and develop new financial products food
  security, marketing, health, education

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Sustainability of the Federations

• All 7.08 lakh SHGs are meeting their operational
  costs fully viz., meeting expenditure,
  bookkeepers honorarium and travel
• Around 26 (9000) of Village organisations are
  meeting their operational costs fully viz., staff
  and meeting expenditure
• Around 25 ( 257 MSs Rs. 30,000/pm income) of
  MSs are meeting their operational costs fully
• Around 21 (240 MSs Rs. 20-30,000/pm income) of
  MSs are meeting their operational costs partially

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How we have built the capacities of the
Federations

• Preparation of trainers proof training modules
• Capacity building through structured trainings
  implementation of CRP strategy
• Exposure visits cross visits
• On-job technical support and facilitation support

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Collaboration among CBOs - Dairy
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Collaboration among CBOs - Collective marketing
of agriculture, horticulture and NTFP produce
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Collaboration among CBOs- Non Pesticide
Management (NPM) of Agriculture
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Collaboration among CBOs- Land Access Land
Purchase for the poor
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The impact on SHG members

• Sense of security
• Collective strength
• Confidence empowerment
• Negotiate with policy makers, programme
  implementers, Government and Community members
• Able interact with officials at different level
  village, mandal, district and state

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The Impact on SHG Members
A sample of 2614 by CESS. A sample if 2545,
internal study.
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Thank You