Presentazione di PowerPoint

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• A NEW CLASS OF EXTREMELY PURE MONTMORILLONITE
  BASED NANOCLAYS
• INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION
  OF DELLITE
• Authors
• Cinzia Della Porta (cdellaporta_at_laviosa.it)
• Valerio Cittadini (vcittadini_at_laviosa.it)
• Valentina Ermini (vermini_at_laviosa.it)
• LAVIOSA CHIMICA MINERARIA S.p.A.
• www.laviosa.it

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Laviosa Chimica Mineraria Spa

• Specific competence on
• fully integrated from mine to end-users
• raw material scouting
• bentonite purification
• bentonite modification

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What is bentonite? Differences between theory and
reality
The starting raw material for nanoclays
production is not montmorillonite, but bentonite
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Characterisation of different bentonite samples
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How many differences nature can produce
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Different size and shape platelets
The adsorption desorption curves measured with
the BET method show differences between them
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How LCM produce nanoclays
We equipped our plant in order to completely
eliminate impurities through an extremely
powerful centrifugation process
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XRD between 20 and 30 2?
We received from a customer the request for a
completely silica free nanoclay because of
abrasive properties of crystalline silica

Thanks to an extremely powerful centrifugation
process, we completely eliminate crystalline
silica
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Chemical structure of modifiers

• DMBHT

DMDHT
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Range of LCM products
DMDHT dimethyl-dihydrogenated tallow
ammonium DMBHT dimethyl-benzyl-hydrogenated
tallow ammonium
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Dellite grades interaction with polymers
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What is a real nanocomposite?
The real target is to reach the complete
exfoliation of MMT and its not just a matter of
mixing
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Nanocomposite synthesis in Thermosets

• In-Situ Polymerisation
• This is the conventional process used to
  synthesise thermoset-clay nanocomposites.
• Dellite is first swollen in the monomer, after
  that you can initiate the reaction either with a
  curing agent or simply increasing the temperature
  depending on the system you are working with. In
  this way the monomer diffuse between the nanoclay
  layers, and when polymerisation starts the
  polymer chains grow, dividing the nanoclay
  platelets and realising the nanocomposite.

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Nanocomposite synthesis in Thermoplastics

• The conventional compounding processes can be
  used in order to obtain a thermoplastic
  nanocomposite the twin screw extruder
  configuration is the one recommended for the
  complete dispersion of the nanoclay.
• Polyolefins needs to be slightly modified with
  polar molecules in order to realise a good
  dispersion of nanoclays. Both polypropylene and
  polyethilen grafted with maleic anhydride are
  suitable material to obtain the exfoliation of
  Dellite.

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PP Nanocomposites (with permission of Basell)
At the moment these are the main RD fields
covered by Basell
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NanoPP in Automotive

• With 5 of DELLITE 67G they obtained a Flex Mod
  2300 Mpa
• They improved the scratch resistance because of
  the low filler loading
• They reduced the density from 0,98 Kg/l to 0,92
  Kg/l

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Rubber application

• Polym.Int. 531776 (2004)

• Pirelli has announced in 2004 the first
  application of nanomaterials in Winter segment

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DELLITE CW9A SOLUTION TO IMPROVE WIRES AND
CABLES FLAME RETARDANT PROPERTIES
Under oxidative conditions which we have during a
fire, Dellite? dispersion in a polymer matrix
guarantees the char formation. The char acts as a
physical barrier between the polymer and the
superficial zone where the combustion of the
polymer is occurring. The results shown in the
table below demonstrate that the best thermal
stability is obtained at a Dellite ? level of
2,5-5 weight at least in EVA cable based. 
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Nanocomposite materials with improved properties
1) PA6 Dellite 72T
The increasing in the MET values is not affecting
too much the impact properties of the material,
especially in the case of 5 loading of Dellite
72T
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Nanocomposite materials with improved properties
2) Biodegradable polymers Dellite
Being bentonite such naturally abundant and
environmentally friendly, LCM decided to study
the possibilities to produce a nanocomposite with
a polymer which should have the same
characteristics
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Biodegradable polymers Dellite
We processed Dellite 72T and Dellite 43B in a
twin screw extruder at 5 loading of nanoclay
with Mater-Bi, obtaining two intercalates
nanocomposites
DMDHT dimethyl-dihydrogenated tallow
ammonium DMBHT dimethyl-benzyl-hydrogenated
tallow ammonium
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Biodegradable polymers Dellite
Injection moulded samples show an increase in
elastic modulus of more than 100 with only 5 of
Dellite 43B
We investigated also the possibility to produce
blow films with the same material
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Water vapour permeability reduction
If we consider 100 the permeability for the blow
film without Dellite72T
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What do you have to do to obtain a real
nanocomposites?

• It is not just a matter of make one or two
  trials
• You need a project together with your supplier
  and possibly with your customer
• And try until the final results is reached!

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Conclusions

• Bentonite grades are very different each other
• Purification is a high potential step
• Laviosas plant produces 100 montmorillonite
  Dellite
• Dellite interacts with a huge variety of
  polymers
• The production of high performances nanocomposite
  materials is possible thanks to Dellite
• Laviosa Chimica Mineraria is open to new requests
  from the market

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End of presentationThanks for your
attentionwww.laviosa.it