East Asia in the Age of Imperialism

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East Asia in the Age of Imperialism

• 1800-1914

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China
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The Opium Wars

• By 1820s, British were trading huge amounts of
  silver for Chinese tea, porcelain, and silk
• British introduced opium to China as a silver
  substitute
• China cracked down on this trade in 1839 leading
  to war with Britain
• Treaty of Nanjing ended the war in 1842 and
  forced China to open more trade ports, pay for
  the war, cede Hong Kong to the British, etc.

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China protests the carving up of its territory by
imperialist powers-French cartoon
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Chinese
opium den
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Chinese junksno match for
British warships
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The British return Hong
Kong to China in 1997
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The Chinese Republic

• Chinas humiliation in the Taiping Rebellion,
  Sino-Japanese War, and Boxer Rebellion convinced
  many of the need for reform
• Qings resistance to change caused many young
  Chinese to support the overthrow of the monarchy
• Republic of China was established in 1912 ending
  2K years of dynastic rule

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Sun Yat-Sen- First president of the Republic of
China
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Japan
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The Meiji Restoration

• Many Japanese were upset with the Shoguns
  failure to resist Western pressure
• Civil war broke out between the supporters of the
  emperor and supporters of the shogun
• 700 years of shogun rule came to an end when the
  Tokugawa were defeated in 1868

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Emperor Meiji (Mutsuhito)
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Modernization

• Feudal system was abolished
• Army and navy were modernized
• Program of industrialization began (zaibatsu)
• Prime minister and parliament ran the country,
  emperor was a figurehead

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Expansion

• China ceded Taiwan and Korea to Japan following
  Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
• Russo-Japanese War (1904-05) was 1st time an
  Asian power defeated a European one

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Big China is slain by the
little Japanese samurai
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Japan K-Os Russia in the Russo-Japanese War