Religions of Southwest Asia

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Religions of Southwest Asia
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Connect Extend Challenge

• Thinking Routine

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• Connect ?
• How do the ideas you are learning about connect
  to ideas and information youve already thought
  about or knew about?
• Extend 8
• How has your thinking been extended in some way,
  taking it in new, further, or deeper directions?
• Challenge !
• What challenges or puzzles have come up in your
  mind about this topic?

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Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Connect
Extend
Challenge

• Add new info from the books in the back.
• Put a star/check mark next to this new info.

Try to find answers to your challenge questions.
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Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Connect
Extend
Challenge
What do you ALREADY know about Christianity,
Judaism, and Islam?
What are some NEW things you learned today about
the 3 religions?
What QUESTIONS do you still have about any of the
3 religions?
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What do you ALREADY know?

• Age of religion
• Founder/Important People/Prophets
• Holy Text(s)
• Beliefs
• Laws/guidelines
• Views on Jesus
• Holy Places
• Places of Worship

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Three religions originated in this region

• Judaism
• Christianity
• Islam

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Spread of Religion over Time
http//www.mapsofwar.com/ind/history-of-religion.h
tml
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JUDAISM Size of Religion

• Judaism is the 12th largest religion in the
  world.
• There are 14 million followers.

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Anno Domini
In the year of our Lord

1000 AD
2000 AD
2000 BC
1000 BC
1 AD

4000 years ago
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Anno Domini
In the year of our Lord

1000 AD
2000 AD
2000 BC
1000 BC
1 AD

2000 years ago
30 AD
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Anno Domini
In the year of our Lord

1000 AD
2000 AD
2000 BC
1000 BC
1 AD

1400 years ago
600 AD
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Monotheistic

• Abraham was the first monotheist, a person who
  believes in only one God

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Abrahams Genealogy
HAGAR
ABRAHAM (Judaism)
SARAH
Ishmael
Isaac
12 Arabian Tribes
Jacob
Esau
12 Tribes of Israel
Muhammad (570 AD) (Islam)
Hebrews Jesus (1 AD) (Judaism) (Christianity)
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Views of Jesus

• prophet
• Messiah/Christ/Savior
• Son of God

• prophet
• Messiah/Christ/Savior
• NOT the son of God

• an ordinary Jew
• NOT the Messiah (false Messiah)
• NOT Son of God

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Jerusalem
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Jerusalem

• Western Wall (wailing wall)
• Last remaining wall of Judaisms 1st/2nd temple
• Church of the Holy Sepulcher
• Jesus crucifixion (death) burial
• Dome of the Rock/Al Aksa Mosque
• Muhammad made a night journey to heaven

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Temple Mount as the place where God chose the
Divine Presence to rest it was from here the
world expanded into its present form and where
God gathered the dust used to create the first
man, Adam
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Europe
Russia
Jewish Diaspora
Israel Promised Land Canaan Palestine
North Africa
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Western Wall all thats left of the 2nd Jewish
temple
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360 view
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Church of the Holy Sepulchre Christian Quarter of
Jerusalem
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Dome of the Rock Muslim Quarter Jerusalem
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Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, Israel where
Muhammad made a night journey to heaven
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Al-Aksa Mosque
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Country of Origin SAUDI ARABIA
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IMPORTANT PLACES

• CITIES
• Mecca (Saudi Arabia)
• Muhammads birth
• Kaaba
• Medina (Saudi Arabia)
• where Muhammad and his followers fled during the
  Hijrah.
• Jerusalem (Israel)
• Dome of the Rock
• where Muhammad made a night journey to heaven

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Kaaba (Mecca, Saudi Arabia)
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JUDAISMFounder / Important People / Prophets

• Abraham was the founder
• The Hebrews are the people who are descended from
  Abraham and his grandson Jacob

• Moses was the man who lead the Jews out of
  slavery in Egypt. He received the Ten
  Commandments on Mt. Sinai

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Mesopotamia
Ur
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Moses receives 10 Commandments
Moses parts Red Sea
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The Exodus
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Sacred Text

• Torah the first five books in the Hebrew
  scriptures.
• Tanakh the rest of the Old Testament
• Talmud explanation of the Tanakh.

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TORAH
10 Commandments
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Country of Origin Israel / Canaan
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http//www.mapsofwar.com/ind/imperial-history.html

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Jewish Diaspora

• the forced scattering of Jewish people from their
  homeland by foreign invaders
• (ex. Babylonians, Mongols, Romans)

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Europe
Russia
Jewish Diaspora
Israel Promised Land Canaan Palestine
North Africa
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Anti-Semitism

• hatred, mistreatment, or discrimination against
  Jewish people

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Anti-Semitism
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POGROMS

• During the 1800s, Jews faced organized massacres
  particularly in Russia
  Eastern Europe

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POGROMS
The Hep-Hep riots in Frankfurt, 1819. On the
left, two peasant women are assaulting a Jewish
man with pitchfork and broom. On the right, a man
wearing spectacles, tails, and a six-button
waistcoat, holds another Jewish man by the throat
and is about to club him with a truncheon. The
houses are being looted.
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The pogroms in Germany during the 1300s started
after there were rumours about the Jews being the
cause of the plague and the confession of Jews,
who told under torture that they were to blame.
Pogrom gegen Juden im Jahre 1349 Darstellung
einer jüdischen Chronik
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Jewish View of Jesus

• Jews see Jesus as either a false messiah (savior)
  or a good teacher.
• NOT the son of God

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Main Beliefs
The 10 Commandments

• 5. Care about your parents.
• 6. Love life and living things.
• 7. Protect your family.
• 8. Do not steal.
• 9. Be honest.
• 10. Do not get jealous.

• I am God, the only God.
• 2. Only pray to God.
• 3. Use Gods name only at special times.
• 4. Every week, celebrate a day of rest, peace and
  happiness.

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Jewish Beliefs cont. . .

• Sabbath (holy day) Saturday
• Dietary laws rules saying what foods they can
  eat how they are prepared (ex. no pork)
• Yom Kippur holiday asking for Gods forgiveness
  for sins

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Place of Worship/Holy Places

• Synagogue/Temple
• Jews go to the synagogue on the Sabbath
  (Saturday).

• Jerusalem
• HOLIEST PLACE for Jews
• first and second temples
• Western Wall of the second temple

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Christianity Size of Religion

• Christianity is the largest religion in the
  world.
• There are 2.4 billion followers.

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Anno Domini
In the year of our Lord

1000 AD
2000 AD
2000 BC
1000 BC
1 AD

2000 years ago
30 AD
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Abrahams Genealogy
HAGAR
ABRAHAM (Judaism)
SARAH
Ishmael
Isaac
12 Arabian Tribes
Jacob
Esau
12 Tribes of Israel
Muhammad (570 AD) (Islam)
Jews Jesus (1 AD) (Christianity)
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Jesus was the founder
CHRISTIANITY Founder / Important People

• Abraham
• founder of Judaism
• Hebrews come from Abraham his grandson Jacob
• Jesus was Hebrew
• Roman Emperor Constantine
• was the first world leader to convert to
  Christianity (AD 312)
• helped to spread Christianity throughout Europe

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HOLY BOOK/SACRED TEXT
CHRISTIANITY

• The Bible Old and New Testament
• Old Testament history of Judaism
• New Testament story of Jesus life, his
  teachings, and the teaching of his disciples and
  other important Christians (ex. Paul).

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Country of Origin Israel / Palestine
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View of Jesus

• son of God
• prophet (messenger of god)
• Messiah/Christ (savior God appointed leader who
  brings a new, better world)
• As part of the Trinity (father, son, holy
  ghost), Jesus is considered a part of God

God the Father (top), and the Holy Spirit
(represented by a dove) depicted above Jesus.
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Main Beliefs
monotheistic (worship only one god)
The 10 Commandments

• 5. Care about your parents.
• 6. Love life and living things.
• 7. Protect your family.
• 8. Do not steal.
• 9. Be honest.
• 10. Do not get jealous.

• I am God, the only God.
• 2. Only pray to God.
• 3. Use Gods name only at special times.
• 4. Every week, celebrate a day of rest, peace and
  happiness.

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IMPORTANT EVENTS
CHRISTIANITY

• Jesus was born in Bethlehem in 4 B.C.
• Jesus was crucified in 30 AD (he was about 34).
• Christians were persecuted until 313 A.D. They
  were treated this way because they did not
  worship Roman gods and goddesses.
• Christianity was made legal in 313 A.D. with the
  help of the Roman Emperor Constantine. This
  helped the religion spread throughout Europe.

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Holy Places/Place of worship
CHRISTIANITY

• Christians worship in buildings called churches
  or cathedrals

• Jesus was born in Bethlehem, Palestine (Israel).

• Jerusalem is where Jesus was crucified and buried.

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ISLAM Size of Religion

• 2nd largest religion in the world
• 1.5 billion followers

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Anno Domini
In the year of our Lord

1000 AD
2000 AD
2000 BC
1000 BC
1 AD

1400 years ago
600 AD
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FOUNDER
Islam

• Muhammad (Mohammed) is the founder of Islam.
• He claims to be the final prophet, or messenger,
  of God.
• Abraham and his son Ishmael built the Kaaba in
  Mecca. They are also considered the fathers of
  the Muslim people.

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Abrahams Genealogy
HAGAR
ABRAHAM (Judaism)
SARAH
Ishmael
Isaac
12 Arabian Tribes
Jacob
Esau
12 Tribes of Israel
Muhammad (Islam)
Jews Jesus (Christianity)
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Islams View of Jesus

• Muslims see Jesus as prophet (messenger of God).
• NOT the son of God

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HOLY BOOK/SACRED TEXT

• Quran (Koran)
• Muslims see it as the final complete word of
  God
• contains much of the Old Testament (Judaism) and
  the New Testament (Christianity).

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BASIC BELIEFS
Five pillars of Faith guidelines for Muslims

1. Hajj - pilgrimage to the city of Mecca, the
   birthplace of Muhammed

1. Shahada - belief in one God, Muhammad is his
   prophet
2. Salat - pray 5 times daily towards Mecca
3. Zakat - giving of charity
4. Sawan - fasting during the holy month of Ramadan

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What about these required prayers?
The mandatory prayers performed 5 times a day
dawn noon late
afternoon sunset before going
to bed Wash before praying. Face Mecca and
use a prayer rug.
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Basic Beliefs
ISLAM

• Dietary laws
• No pork
• No alcohol

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• The call to prayer by the muezzin in the
  minaret.
• Pray in the mosque on Friday.

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• Those who complete the pilgrimage can add
  the title hajji to their name.

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IMPORTANT PLACES

• BUIDLING
• Mosques are the buildings in which Muslims
  worship.

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Country of Origin SAUDI ARABIA
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IMPORTANT PLACES

• CITIES
• Mecca (Saudi Arabia)
• Muhammads birth
• Kaaba
• Medina (Saudi Arabia)
• where Muhammad and his followers fled during the
  Hijrah.
• Jerusalem (Israel)
• Dome of the Rock
• where Muhammad made a night journey to heaven

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The hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) is an important
aspect of Islam

• Millions travel to Mecca each year!

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Kaaba (Mecca, Saudi Arabia)
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Dome of the Rock Muslim Quarter Jerusalem
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Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, Israel where
Muhammad made a night journey to heaven
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Dont get confused!

• All 3 Middle Eastern Religions are monotheistic
• Christians believe in god as a trinity (father,
  son, holy spirit) and that Jesus was gods son
• Muslims believe that Muhammed was gods messenger
  (not son)
• All 3 share the same foundation through the
  lineage of Abraham