WORLD WAR I

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WORLD WAR I

• THE ROAD TO WAR

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Warm Up China and Japan

• Why did the British start trading Opium in the
  first place?
• What was the Tai Ping Rebellions purpose?
• Explain the Sino-Japanese War
• Define Open Door Policy
• What group wanted to bring back glory to China?
• JAPAN
• Define Indemnity
• Who opened Japan for trade?
• Emporer Meji means what?

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Warm Up WWI pg. 1-2

1. MAIN causes of WWI
2. Assassination of _________ started WWI?
3. Define Ultimatum
4. process of assembling troops and supplies and
   making them ready for war
5. Who creates a plan for attacking France?
6. Why does it not work?
7. Explain trenches

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Warm Up International Rivalries

1. Who is in the Triple Alliance?
2. Who is in the Triple Entente?
3. Who is the leader of Germany during this time?
4. Explain the Moroccan crises?
5. Bulgaria, Serbia, and Greece declare war
   on____________________
6. MAIN causes of WWI
7. Assassination of _________ started WWI?
8. Why was he assassinated?
9. What group assassinated the archduke?

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The Road to War Four M.A.I.N. Causes

• Militarism
• Massive build up of arms leads to an arms race
• New weapons and large standing armies to display
  their might
• Great Britain vs. Germany in a naval race
• Traditional British policy is to have their
  fleet, which is vital to guarding their shipping
  lanes, to be larger than the combined fleets of
  any two rival nations

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• Wilhelm II initiates a large build up of
  Germanys navy
• War as a unifying force
• Alliances
• Divides Europe into rival camps
• Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
• Turns a conflict between two nations into a
  global war

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• Imperialism
• Rush for colonies leads to rivalries
• Clashes over territory and competition for
  resources and markets
• Germany comes late to the game and wants
  colonies, even going so far as trying to take
  Morocco from France
• Rest of Europe, particularly Britain, supports
  France and makes Germany back down

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• Nationalism
• Pride in ones country each nation thinks they
  are the best
• Best and largest armies, most colonies
• Want to prove they are the best through war
• Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary fails to appease
  separatist movements
• Serbia wants Bosnia to be independent and is
  angry with Austria-Hungary
• France is still angry over the Franco-Prussian War

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• They want revenge and Alsace-Lorraine back
• a territorial entity created by the German Empire
  in 1871 after the annexation of most of Alsace
  and parts of Lorraine in the Franco-Prussian War.
  
• The immediate cause the assassination of
  Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austro-Hungarian
  throne, is visiting Sarajevo (capital of Bosnia)
  with his pregnant wife Sophia
• June 28, 1914 a bomb is thrown in the
  Archdukes car, but the attempt fails

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• The car speeds away and makes a wrong turn, which
  allows Gavrilo Princip to shoot and kill both the
  Archduke and his wife
• Princip was a member of the Black Hand, a secret
  Serb nationalist group
• Princip is arrested and identified as a Serb

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vBCTIaiiGB4o

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War Begins

• Austria is furious and wants to attack Serbia,
  but fears Russia will interfere on Serbias
  behalf
• Turns to ally Germany, who issues a blank
  check, stating that Austria can rely on German
  support no matter what
• Austria issues an ultimatum to Serbia on July 25

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• Ultimatum a list of demands
• Some of the demands are humiliating and
  outrageous, so Serbia rejects some of the demands
• Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia on July 28
• The same day Czar Nicholas II orders the
  mobilization of the Russian army against
  Austria-Hungary
• Mobilization process of assembling troops and
  supplies and making them ready for war

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• In 1914 mobilization is considered an act of war
• Some of the mobilization took place along the
  German border and Germany declares war on Russia
  on August 1st
• due to its war plan, Germany then declares war on
  France on August 3rd
• Plan calls for invading France by going through
  neutral Belgium
• Issues an ultimatum to Belgium demanding the
  right for German troops to pass through Belgian
  territory

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• On August 4th Germany invades Belgium and Great
  Britain declares war on Germany for violating
  Belgian neutrality
• Now most European powers are involved
• Will be a war of attrition wearing down of the
  enemys resources and morale
• World War I, or the Great War, has begun
• Germany and Austria-Hungary become known as the
  Central Powers
• France, Great Britain, Russia, Belgium, and
  Serbia become the Allied Powers

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The Schlieffen Plan

• The Schlieffen Plan is the German war plan based
  on a two front war against France and Russia
• The Schlieffen Plan
• Send 90 of army against France
• Send 10 of army against Russia
• Need a quick victory against France so they can
  turn entire army against slower mobilizing Russia

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• Why Implemented
• Thought Russia would take a long time to mobilize
• France had built fortresses along the
  French-German border must go through Belgium
• Need a quick win speed is essential

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• Why fails
• Belgium resists and Great Britain enters the war
• Russia mobilizes faster than expected and invades
  eastern Germany
• Germany has to move troops from France to protect
  the German border against Russia
• French victory at the Battle of the Marne
• Plan 17 the military plan of France
• Straight drive from Paris to Berlin

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Early Battles

• At the start of the war, a series of clashes
  between German troops against French and British
  was known as the Battle of the Frontiers
• Resulted in German victories
• The Schlieffen Plan calls for German troops to
  sweep around Paris and surround most of the
  French army
• Almost succeed are 30 miles from Paris by Sept.
  1st

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• First Battle of the Marne
• German army makes some mistakes, officer makes a
  wrong turn
• Ends in a German defeat and the Allies push
  Germany back
• Leads to a stalemate and both sides dig trenches
  for protection and shelter

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Order of Entry in World War I

1. First nation in the war after its heir was
   assassinated
2. This nation was the second one in the war after
   members of a terrorist group assassinated the
   heir to the first nation
3. AS a result of the above, this third nation
   entered the war to protect the second nation
4. Because the third nation mobilized near its
   borders, this fourth nation entered the war
5. Due to its plan of attack consisting of a two
   front war, the fourth nation declared war on this
   fifth nation
6. This sixth nation was invaded to get to the fifth
   nation
7. The invasion of the sixth nation brought this
   seventh nation into the war