The World at War (again)

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The World at War (again)
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1. Explain the differences between Democratic,
Fascist and Communist governments? List the type
of government each major country had. How might
Communist and Fascist governments have had an
advantage in fighting a war with democracies?
I. Differences between Democratic, Fascist
Communism A. Democracies Based on
Individual Rights 1. Economic Rights
Capitalism (Own
Business Make ) 2. Government Rights
Democratic Elected Govt a.
Choose Leaders by voting in some
way 3. Examples United States
/Britain / France
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B. Fascist Dictatorship
w/Private Business 1. Economic Rights
Capitalism (Own Business Make ) 2.
Government No Rights Totalitarian /
Dictatorship One Person or Party Leader
3. Examples Germany / Italy /
Japan
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C. Communism Good of everyone no
Individual 1. Economic No Rights All
Owned by Govt 2. Government
Rights Totalitarian / DictatorshipOne Person
or Party Leader 3. Examples Soviet Union
(Russia) D. Advantage Disadvantages 1.
Communism Fascism Govt controls ALL
information there is NO opposition
2. Democracies People chose to
fight, can elect new leaders any time
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Germany (AXIS)

• Adolf Hitler (1889-1945)
• Born in Austria in 1889, the fourth child of six
• Aspired to be an artist, was twice rejected for
  the Academy for Fine arts in Vienna
• Hitler was jailed for just over a year for his
  role in the Beer Hall Putsch
• Used Emergency Powers to become Dictator of
  Germany

Hitler fought in World War I, he is in the
picture at the far left
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Italy (AXIS)

• Benito Mussolini (1883-1945) Prime Minister of
  Italy from 1922 to 1943
• Before WWI, was a journalist
• Was known as IL DUCE (the supreme leader)

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Great Britain (ALLIES)

• Neville Chamberlain (Prime Minister 1937-1940)
• -Most famous for his policy of APPEASEMENT
  towards Hitler

• Winston Churchill (Prime Minister 1940-1945)
• -Churchill had a speech impediment

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Japan (AXIS)

• Emperor Hirohito (ruler of Japan from 1926-1989)
• There is much debate over how much he controlled
  Japan during World War II
• Many point to General Tojo as the true leader of
  Japan
• When he spoke to Surrender at the end of WWII, it
  was the first time ordinary citizens had ever
  heard his voice

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Soviet Union (ALLIES)

• Josef Stalin (leader of Soviet Union from
  1922-1953)
• Real name was Joseph Vissarionovich Jugashvili
• He adopted the Russian name STALIN, which MEANS
  STEEL
• Aspired to be a Priest
• Estimates range from 10,000,000-30,000,000 people
  killed during Stalins regime (more than the
  Holocaust)

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United States (ALLIES)

• Harry Truman (President 1945-1953)
• -Chosen as Roosevelts Vice President for his 4th
  term in 1944

• Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1945)
• Only President to serve more than two terms
  (elected to four terms)
• Died on April 12, 1945 (May 8th war ended in
  Europe)

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Leaders of the War
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Review What did the Treaty of Versailles Say
about Germany???
Type of Govt Economy Govt rights Ex.
Totalitarian Soviet Union
Democracy Voting for leaders
Capitalism
Review Fill in the missing boxes on the Table
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2. Describe the major causes of WWII in Europe.
How did the Depression and WWI play a role? What
did Hitler say was his reason for expanding
Germanys borders? Name 2 territories Hitler
added before fighting. Name and describe the type
of warfare Hitler used. What was the reaction of
the U.S. to war in Europe?
The German inflation of 1923 one dollar worth
trillions of marks.
II. Major Causes of WWII in Europe A. WWI
Depression Major Causes 1. Winners of WWI
harsh on Germany (Reparations Small
Military)- Humiliating Great Depression
hurts Europe (Germany Bad) a.
Fascist think Democracy is Weak cant help B.
Rise of Fascism due to WWI Depression 1.
Italy the 1st Fascist Country a. Upset
it didnt get more after WWI b. Benito
Mussolini comes to power in 1922 2. Germany
Adolf Hitler a. NAZI- National Socialist
German Worker Party b. Uses Thugs
Brown Shirts to beat up opponents
critics (Young men , no jobs) c. Wants
to blame everyone for Germanys
trouble Jews, Democracy!!, The Allies
d. Never Had Majority- Scared or Killed People
Mussolini and Hitler
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Review What is the definition of PROPAGANDA????
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C. Hitlers Goals For Revenge!! 1.
LEBENSRAUM -Living Space for Germans
a. Take land from non-Germans
(Less Human) and give to his even if in
another country b. Adds Land no
Fighting APPEASEMENT
-Britain France give land to avoid War
-Austria, Sudetenland (Czechsolvakia-
all) 2. Builds Huge Military
a. Modern Army with Tanks, Planes
Tanks -All move Fast work together
(radio) b. BLITZKREIG- Lightning War
-Nazi's Practice in Spain to help Fascist
fight in that Country (Franco)
Neville Chamberlain, the Prime Minister of Great
Britain, was the face of appeasement
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Critical Thinking Why would Adolf Hitler and
Germany want to make a peace treaty, at least for
awhile (they are BITTER ENEMIES)????
D. War The Reaction 1. Hitler Invades
Poland Sept. 1, 1939 a. Uses
Blitzkreig destroys Poland b.
Britain France declare WAR -Appeasement was a
Joke -Hitler had secret treaty with Soviets
(Stalin) 2. United
States Reaction a. Officially Neutral
Isolationist -Many famous people almost
like Hitler (Ford, Kennedy, Lindbergh)
b. Great Britain all Alone!!!
(Churchill) -France got butt kicked Germany
controls it -Germany bombing Britain
Planning Attack c. Roosevelt helps
Britain -Lend Lease policy (Boats/Guns)
-Atlantic Charter- US/Britain are Friends
-U.S. begins to build up own Military
Map showing the Sudetenland, the new protectorate
of Bohemia-Moravia, and how Poland was divided
after its invasion.
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3. Explain Japans expansion in the Pacific.
Who had taken control of the Japanese government?
Which country suffered the most from this
expansion? What were their goals for the attack
of Pearl Harbor?
III. Japans Expansion in the Pacific A.
Military takes control of Japan 1.
Emperor Hirohitos power?????
(Prisoner??) a. General Tojo in
real power 2. Wants Japan to be Equal to
European Powers a. Believes they
are better than all Asians
just like Germany in Europe
(which ISM???) b. Signs Treaty
with Germany
Japanese Prime Minister Tojo (center) toasting
alliance with Germany
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B. Japan wants Raw Materials
Colonies 1. Invades China, Korea,
British Colonies a. Brutal to China
Rape of Nanking -Murder
MILLIONS of Chinese 2. Only competition in
Pacific is the Unites States a. U.S.
has Phillipines, Hawaii, Somoa,
Alaska
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Locate the areas the United States controlled in
the Pacific
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C. Attacking the U.S. Pearl Harbor 1. Japan
thinks U.S. is Racist (true) will try to stop
them from growing (true) a. U.S.
stopped selling Steel limits trade
to them 2. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii- Dec. 7th,
1941 a. Goal to destroy U.S. AIRCRAFT
CARRIERS - Carriers out to
sea they survive b. Surprise Attack
U.S. should have known
-Japanese Code Broke 3. Waking a
Sleeping Dog a. Japanese General said
it was a mistake b. U.S.
declares War -Roosevelt A day that will live
in infamy Germany declares war on
U.S.
The USS Arizona (BB-39) burning after the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.
Aircraft damage at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii from
Japanese attack.
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Pearl Harbor Map
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Location of ships
Major Ships at harbor USS Arizona - Magazine
explosion, sunk with few survivors USS California
- Sunk USS Maryland - Damaged USS Nevada -
Damaged and run aground USS Oklahoma - Capsized
and sunk USS Pennsylvania - Damaged. The
Pennsylvania was in dry dock USS Tennessee -
Damaged USS West Virginia - Sunk
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4. Explain Hitlers defeat. What two types of
governments teamed up to defeat Hitler? Why was
that important geographically? What was D-Day?
Name the American general in charge of the
Allies. What happened to Hitler?
IV. Hitlers Defeat in Europe A. Germany
Unstoppable Early 1. Blitzkreig Kills Poland
France (1939, 1940) 2. The Battle of Britain
Britain Becomes Fortress (July 1940) a.
Germany Bombs daily air attack before
land invasion b. RAF fights back,
destroying 2,300 Luftwaffe aircraft!!! (RADAR)
c. Churchill Never Surrender
The British Bulldog Winston Churchill
Firemen battle the flames of a German bombing
attack on London, 1941
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Poster referring to the bravery of the RAF during
the Battle of Britain
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Map of Early War in Europe
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B. Tag Team Enemies 1. Hitler Invades
Soviet Union (1941- Barbarosa)
a. Soviets being killed like crazy
b. Seige of Leningrad - Slash
Burn Retreat 2. Britain U.S. Help
Soviets a. I would favor the devil if
it was against Germany
Winston Churchill b. FDR sends aid
to Soviets (Isolationist Mad)
U.S fear communist more!!!
c. German has to fight on both
fronts!!! -U.S. Britain in West Soviets in
East 3. Germany declares war on U.S.
after Pearl Harbor a. SMART?????
Why Not?
What happened to the Soviet-German NON-aggression
pact???
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C. Attacking the German Empir 1. Africa
a. German Gen. Rommel Desert Fox
-Kicked butt early b. U.S. joins fight
Helps British (U.S. bad)
c. Germany kicked out of Africa in 1942 2.
Italy (1943) a. Starts in Southern Italy
with Paratroopers sea Landings
b. Mussolini Overthrown by
Italians -Executed
dragged through
Streets c. Germans still fight in Italy
against Allies (forced to keep
troops there)
Landings on sicily practice for later????
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3. D-Day (Normandy) June 6, 1944 a.
Allies Invade France (Operation
Overlord) -General Eisenhower Supreme
Commander Wrote failure letter
just in case -Germany had France for
4yrs. -Builds huge Fortress along coast
to prevent an attack b. Huge
DEADLY attack 150,000men
-Dropped on Beach to face machine
guns c. 1 Million more men in France in
6 weeks!!!!!
U.S. Army troops administer first aid to the
survivors of sunken landing craft, on "D-Day", 6
June 1944.
Coast Guard manned USS LST-21 unloads British
Army tanks and trucks onto a "Rhino" barge during
the early hours of the invasion, 6 June 1944
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Landing ships putting cargo ashore on one of the
invasion beaches, at low tide during the first
days of the operation, June 1944.
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D. Germany is Defeated 1. Germanys Last
Chance- Battle of the Bulge a.
Germany defeated but huge battle 2. U.S
Britain Bomb Germany a. U.S in Day
Britain in Night (Deadly Job)
-Huge losses in factories Supplies 3.
Soviets start to win in East a. Russian
Winter Freezes Germans (too far
from base) E. V-E Day (Victory Europe) 1.
Hitlers Suicide April 30, 1945 a.
Germany Surrenders May 7, 1945
-Soviets capture Berlin 2.
U.S. Soviets meet 60mi south of
Berlin a. Start of
Communism v.
Democracy (Cold War)
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5. What approach did the U.S. use to take back
the Pacific from the Japanese? Describe the
approach to fighting taken by the Japanese that
made the battles so deadly. What U.S. general
was in charge of defeating the Japanese?
Describe the events of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Why did the U.S. believe they needed to take
these actions?
V. U.S. Island Hopping Japan to Defeat A.
Japans 6 Months of Victory 1. Pearl
Harbor Great Attack but Misses
_______ 2. Japan Conquers Pacific
Asia a. Philippines Taken
(McAurthur- I shall return)
b. Guam / Wake Is. /Singapore /
Hong Kong 3. Japanese Brutal to
Prisoners Civilians a.
Executions / Starvation / Torture
(Bataan death march)
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B. Island Hopping to Victory General McArthur
1. May June 1942 a. Battle of Coral
Sea Battle of Midway Japanese
Aircraft Carriers sunk 2. Horrible Fights
a. Japanese fight to the Death (Suicide
attacks) b. Battle of Iwo Jima
(Flag Picture) c. Kamikaze- Suicide
Planes
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C. The Bomb Hiroshima Nagosaki 1.
Manhattan Project a. Secret project to
build Atomic Bomb -Einstein
told Roosevelt about Germanys plans/
ambitions for one b. Dr.
Oppenheimer from Univ. of California
-Plus a ton of others in secret cities
2. Why???????? a. Japanese promise
EVERY man, woman and CHILD will fight
to DEATH!!! b. President
Truman told 1mill. Soldiers might die
c. Already bombed Cities in Japan
Germany -Dresden in Germany Fire Storm
Areas important to the building of the bomb
Los Alamos, New Mexico was chosen as the site to
TEST the bomb due to its geography and isolation
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3. When August 1945 a. Truman warns-
Prompt Utter Destruction b.
Hiroshima August 6, 1945 -Enola Gay
dropped bomb Little Boy c. Nagasaki August
9, 1945 -Box Car drops Fat Man
d. 110,000 Killed Radiation deaths
later -U.S. studies bomb victims
The ruins around the Industrial Promotion Hall,
now known as the Atomic Bomb Dome in Hiroshima.
(Aug. 6, 1945)
On August 9, 1945, the American B-29 bomber,
Bock's Car left Tinian carrying Fat Man, a
plutonium implosion-type bomb. It was dropped on
Nagasaki.
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Paul Tibbets, Enola Gay Pilot
Enola Gay Crew
Hiroshima Bomb victim
Nagasaki Bomb Damage
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Atomic aftermath the destruction of Hiroshima,
Japan, after the bombing in 1945.
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D. Japan Surrenders Aug. 14, 1945 V-J DAY 1.
Emperor Announces surrender on radio
a. 1st time Japanese have heard his voice 2.
Japan surrenders to McArthur on USS Missouri
3. U.S. takes control of Japan Creates new
Govt E. Battle Results 1. Battle Dead
a. Civilian Military -Soviets the most
with over 27,000,000 MILLION! 2. Both
Germany and Japan a. Japan-U.S.
military control b. Germany- Split
sectors controlled by Allies
(Berlin in USSR sector but still split)
-totally at mercy of victors 3. Soviets
and U.S. WORLD POWERS a. -Old European
powers destroyed by war ex. France and Britain
b. Fascism dead, democracy must face the
devil (communism) narrated
VICTORY!
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Britain U.S. Soviets Japan
Soldiers 303,000 322,000 7,500,000 1,576,000
Civilians 85,000 0 20,000,000 300,000

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TORNADO BEAST HERO
Lightning GLOBE Dark Forest
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Provide a heading for each picture!!!
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6. Describe how Americans helped the war effort
at home. What group faced discrimination during
the war? How? What is the Selective Service?
What did the U.S. do to make sure there were
enough supplies and food for troops?
VI. Everyone Helps at Home A. Factories Farms
Roar 1. Huge amounts produced NO Bombing
makes it easy 2. Ladies to the
Rescue Women take factory jobs (Rosie the
Riveter) B. Ration Books Coupons that limit
how much of anything you can buy in a time
(week, month, year) 1. Tires / Shoes /
Sugar / Butter / Gas 2. Some things not
available Panty Hose
(Parachutes) C. We Need Troops 1.
Selective Service (Draft) a. Men 18-35
must serve if called b. Still around
today (Register _at_ 18) 2. Women Serve (WACs
WAVES) a. Army Navy womens
service (Pilots, Nurses)
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D. Racism at Home (Fighting NAZIs???) 1.
Japanese-Americans Not loyal??
a. Starts in Pearl Harbor Not
trusted Ex.-Planes b.
Japanese Internment Camps -Japanese
on west Cost moved to Camps
-Lose Property / Homes /
Business -Supreme Court
Roosevelt Support It 2.
Army Still Segregated a. Tuskegee
Airmen All Black fighter
pilots b. Nisei Battalion Japanese
Am. Fight in Italy c.
Navajo Code Talkers Native Am.
Use language as radio men to keep
Japanese clueless
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Choose 3 words that describe the location / feel
of this Japanese Internment camp.
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Nisei Battalion consisted mainly of 2nd
generation Japanese-Americans from Hawaii, they
were called the Purple Heart Batallion due to
their high casualty rate.
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Code Talkers
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Match the following terms with the correct
Countries
Soviet Union
United States
GERMANY
JAPAN
Britain

• -CHURCHILL -STALIN -BLITZKREIG -BOMBED BRITAIN
• -BOMBED U.S. -TOJO -ROOSEVELT
• -BRUTAL TO CHINA -FASCIST -LOST
• -SUFFERED MOST DEATHS -DROPPED ATOMIC BOMB
• -SUFFERED FROM ATOMIC BOMB -HITLER
• -COMMUNIST -CRUSHED BY COMMUNIST DEMOCRACIES
• -LOST AT NORMANDY -CODE TALKERS
• -AIRCRAFT CARRIERS SAVED -FOUGHT TO DEATH
• -ISLAND HOPPED