Title: Industrial Revolution
1The Industrial Revolution
Prior Knowledge? Why does it start in England?
2Why Did Industrialization Begin in England First?
3The Enclosure Movement
4Enclosed Lands Today
5- 1st PHASE 2ND PHASE
- Textiles Steel
- Iron electricity
- Steam (Watt) transportation
-
6Metals, Woolens, Canals
7Early Canals
Britains Earliest Transportation Infrastructure
8Mine Forge 1840-1880
- Coal replaces water
- Iron replaces wood
- Innovations make steel feasible.
- Bessemer process 1856 strong, flexible steel.
9Coal Mining in Britain1800-1914
1800 1 ton of coal 50, 000 miners
1850 30 tons 200, 000 miners
1880 300 million tons 500, 000 miners
1914 250 million tons 1, 200, 000 miners
10Young Coal Miners
11Child Labor in the Mines
Child hurriers
12British Pig Iron Production
13Richard ArkwrightPioneer of the Factory System
The Water Frame
14Factory Production
- Concentrates production in oneplace materials,
labor. - Located near power .
- Requires capital investmentfactory, machines,
etc. .Technology (Scientific Revolution) - Markets (to sell goods)/laissez faire
- Labor Force (displaced farmers)
15The Factory System
- Rigid schedule.
- 12-14 hour day, product now owned by the
entrepreneurs not workers (change) - Dangerous conditions.
- Mind-numbing monotony.
16Textile FactoryWorkers in England
17New Inventions of the Industrial Revolution
18Jacquards Loom
19John Kays Flying Shuttle
20The Power Loom
21James Watts Steam Engine
22Steam Tractor
23Steam Ship
24An Early Steam Locomotive
25Later Locomotives
26The Impact of the Railroad
27The Great Land Serpent
28Railroads on the Continent
2919c Bourgeoisie The Industrial Nouveau Riche
30Upstairs/Downstairs Life
31Industrial Staffordshire
32Problems of Polution
The Silent Highwayman - 1858
33The New Industrial City
34Worker Housing in Manchester
35Workers Housing in Newcastle Today
36The Life of the New Urban Poor A Dickensian
Nightmare!
37New Ways of Thinking
38Thomas Malthus
- Population growth willoutpace the food supply.
- War, disease, or faminecould control
population. - The poor should have less children.
- Food supply will then keep up with population.
39 The Socialists Utopians Marxists
- People, society should own themeans of
production, not individuals. - Goal was a society that benefited everyone, not
just the rich. - Tried to build perfect communities utopias.
40Share in World Manufacturing Output 1750-1900