Discovery and Settlement of the New World

1
Discovery and Settlement of the New World

• Objectives- Students will understand and
  demonstrate
• 1) Identify 1 reason why Spain and England sought
  to settle the New World
• 2) Identify and define the importance of 1
  English and Spanish explorer.
• 3) Analyze 2 differences between Spanish and
  English settlement of the New World
• Instructions for taking notes
• Words in bold should be copied by students
• Italicized questions are meant to be answered and
  not written down. If doing Cornell Notes,
  students can simply write their answers on the
  left side of the paper or answer verbally

2
I.

• Exploration in 16th Century
• (What were some of the motivations for Europe to
  explore?)
• Portugal- 1st country to explore new route to
  Asia
• Bartolomea Dias- 1487 reaches tip of Africa
• route to India around Africa dominated by
  Portugal
• Why does this motivate Spain to find westward
  route?

3
Spanish Exploration- created with discovering New
World (N/S America)

• King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella- unite Spain as
  a Catholic nation, expel Muslims
• Christopher Columbus- 1492, Discovers Americas
• Hernan Cortes- 1521, conquers Mexico
• Pizarro- conquers Incas (South America)
• Horses and Disease- introduced to Native
  Americans
• Horses- transportation
• Disease- 90 Native Americans die within 100
  years
• Columbian Exchange- exchange of goods from
  America and Europe
• How did Columbus discovery change Europe?
  Native Americans?
• Did Columbus discover The New World?

4
Spanish Settlement

• Latin America
• Imperial Bureaucracy- Gov. leaders appointed by
  King
• No Self Government
• Catholic Church- mission to convert N. Ams.
• Encomienda- system of slavery forcing N.Am. to
  work on missions
• Reason for few Blacks in Mexico
• Mining (Gold)-
• Little Diversification in Economy
• How is this difference between settling Mexico
  and the US evident today?

5
English Exploration

• Push Factors
• High Birth rate
• Law of Primogeniture- 1st son inherits all family
  land
• Who is 1st born and who is not? Would you go?
• Protestantism vs. Catholicism- Eng/Protestant,
  Spain/Catholic
• NAm settlement seen as a duty to expand their
  religious belief
• Spanish Armada- failed Sp. Invasion of Eng, Sp.
  Navy destroyed
• England controls the North Atlantic
• How does the Sp. Armada change Eng. world status?

6
Early English Colonization

• Roanoke-1st English attempt to settle Nam.
  (disappered!)
• Jamestown-1607- 1st successful Eng. Town in NAm
• Virginia Company (Joint Stock Company)- funded
  Jamestown (goal to earn a return/)
• Gentleman Settlers- wealthy second sons
• What problems will they have settling Jamestown?
• Gold- looked for, not found
• Starving Time-360/400 settlers die
• John Smith- organized settlers (Dont work,
  dont eat)
• Tobacco- crop that made Jamestown profitable
• What was the purpose why England decided to
  settle North America?
• What was the reason why you felt people first
  moved to United States?

7
What about the Native Americans?

• Powhatans- local NAm. Around Jamestown
• 3Ds (Reason Eng. treated NAm differently from
  Spain)
• Disease- majority died off
• Disorganization- Nam. hated each other
• Disposability- no gold meant no need for
  unskilled workers
• Were the Native Americans savages?
• How would things have been different if English
  settlers decided to live in harmony with Native
  Americans?
• Was there an alternative to the harsh treatment
  of Native Americans?