Organic Compounds

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Organic Compounds
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Basic Organic Chemistry

• The term organic means any compound that
  contains bonded carbon atoms.
• Note Carbon has 4 bonding sites

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Macromolecules

• giant molecules
• Made from thousands or hundreds of thousands of
  smaller molecules
• Created by polymerization
• Small units monomers
• Large units polymers

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Polysaccharides (Carbohydrates)

• Made of C, H, and O
• Monomer Monosaccharides (sugar)
• Primary use Energy source
• Secondary use(s) Structure
• Appearance

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• Unique Characteristics
• Starches
• Quick energy source
• Glucose, fructose, lactose
• Cellulose is a polysaccharide used in plants
• Tough flexible
• Gives plants support and strength

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Lipids

• Made of C, and H (some O)
• Monomer Glycerol Fatty Acids
• Primary use Energy source
• Secondary use(s) Membranes
• Appearance

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• Unique Characteristics
• Saturated Fats
• Contains maximum number of hydrogens
• No double bonds
• Ex solid fats, meats, dairy
• (Poly)unsaturated Fats
• At least one double bond
• Ex liquid fats, oils, nuts, avocado

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Nucleic Acids

• Made of C, H, O, N, and P
• Monomer Nucleotides
• Primary use DNA and RNA
• Appearance

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Proteins

• Made of C, and H (some O)
• Monomer Amino Acids
• Primary use Many uses
• Appearance

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• Unique Characteristics
• Proteins have MANY functions and can freely
  change shape to change function
• Control rate of reaction
• Regulate cell processes
• Form bones and muscles
• Transport
• Fight disease
• Etc