The American Civil War Begins

1
The American Civil War Begins
2
Election of 1860

• Stephan Douglas vs. Abraham Lincoln
• Had become well known from their debates about
  slavery.
• Lincoln won, becoming the 16th president.

3
(No Transcript)
4
Southern States secede

• South started to secede or split from the
  Union.
• Supporters of secession based their arguments on
  the idea of states rights. They said they had
  voluntarily joined the union, so they could leave
  when they wanted.

5
(No Transcript)
6
Confederate States of America

• On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the
  first state to secede.
• They were followed by Mississippi, Florida,
  Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
• The eleven states that had seceded formed the
  Confederate States of America.
• They named Jefferson Davis as president.
• They wrote a new Constitution which made slavery
  legal.

7
Civil War

• A civil war is a war between people of the same
  country.
• The American Civil War was fought to keep the
  South from leaving the Union.
• Slavery was the major issue that separated the
  North from the South

8
Check for Understanding

• Who won the election of 1860?
• Why do you think Lincoln received no support from
  the South?
• Define secede.
• Connect the election of 1860 to the South
  Secession.
• The North was the Union and the South became the
  _____________.
• What was the primary reason the Civil War was
  fought between the North and the South?

9
The Civil War began at Fort Sumter.
10

• Fort Sumter was in the South, and the Union had a
  hard time defending the fort.
• There were 23 states in the Union (North) at the
  beginning of the war.
• There were 11 states in the Confederacy (South)
  at the beginning of the war.

11
(No Transcript)
12
Norths Advantages

• The North some many advantages. They had many
  more people and also had more factories, which
  could be used to make weapons
• The Union also had many more miles of railroad
  tracks.

13
Souths Advantages

• The Souths main advantage was that they were
  fighting at home.
• This would mean that they would be closer to
  their supplies.
• They also would fight harder because they were
  protecting their homes.
• The Confederacy also had superior generals and
  better trained soldiers.
• The South was also being supplied by England at
  the beginning of the war. England wanted to keep
  trading for the Souths cotton.

14
Battle of Bull Run

• One of the first battles of the war was the
  Battle of Bull Run.
• The North realized after this battle that the war
  would not be easy and would not be over soon.

15
New Weapons

• Many new weapons were used during the Civil War.
• One of these weapons was an ironclad ship. An
  ironclad ship was a ship with iron plates on it
  to protect it from cannon fire.

16
Other new weapons

• Deadlier cannons and bullets
• More accurate rifles

17
Battle of Antietam

• First time the Confederacy invaded Northern
  territory was the Battle of Antietam.
• It was bloodiest battle day in United States
  history. 23,000 men lost their lives that day.
• The Union army stopped the Confederate army. This
  victory by the Union gave President Lincoln the
  chance to announce the abolition of slavery in
  the South.

18
(No Transcript)
19
(No Transcript)
20
Emancipation Proclamation

• Declared that all slaves should be set free in
  the Confederacy.
• It also allowed blacks to serve in the Union army
  and navy.
• South ignored the Emancipation Proclamation, but
  it did change to focus of the war to the issue of
  slavery.

21
Women in the Civil War

• Women on both sides worked during the war. Many
  became nurses. The most famous nurse from the
  Union was Clara Barton.
• She also helped organize the American Red Cross.

22
(No Transcript)
23
Battle of Gettysburg

• The Battle of Gettysburg was one of the bloodiest
  battles of the war.
• 90,000 Union soldiers fought 75,000 Confederate
  soldiers.
• More than 50,000 men were killed or wounded in
  the battle.
• The Union won the battle.

24

• The Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of
  the war. The Confederacy would never invade Union
  territory again.

25
Gettysburg Address

• After the Battle of Gettysburg, President Lincoln
  went to the battlefield to dedicate a cemetery in
  honor of all those who had died.
• Lincoln spoke for two minutes, but his speech
  became very famous.
• It is called the Gettysburg Address.

26
(No Transcript)
27
(No Transcript)