Civil, Social, and Cultural Change Movements

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Civil, Social, and Cultural Change Movements

• 1960s

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The Feminine Mystique

• Written by Betty Friedan in 1963
• Her views as a housewife and the perception of
  women
• Sparked the feminist movement

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Workplace

• 43 of women work by 1969 compared to 20 1940
• By 1960 over 30 of married women worked
• -up 15 from 1940

4
National Organization of Women (NOW)

• 1966
• Largest organization for women today
• Helped fight for equality in the workplace, birth
  control pregnancy rights, against sexism and
  discrimination, etc.
• Today has expanded to include rights of
  homosexuals
• ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) 1972 written by
  Alice Paul failed to pass as an amendment
  guaranteeing equal rights to women under law

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Social Welfare Solutions

• Social Gospel Movement-Religious Organizations
  teach how to live a religious life
• Comstock Law-Can Not Send Bad Items through Mail

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Sanger McCormick
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Motherhood

• The Pill approved in 1960 by the FDA
• Married women 1965 in Griswold vs. Conn (right to
  privacy)
• Unmarried women 1972 Eisenstadt v. Baird
• Roe v. Wade 1973-legalized a womans right to
  have an abortion
• How does this change womens rights?

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Miss America Protest

• 1968 Atlantic City Boardwalk
• Crowned a sheep in protest
• Burned Bras

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Womens Fashion
Mod Style
Hot Pants
Twiggy
Mini-Skirt
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The American Indian Movement (AIM)

• Founded 1968
• Fought for land rights, against poverty,
  harassment, better conditions on reservations
• Environmental preservation
• The Longest Walk of 1978 -3600 mile walk to DC to
  protect rights

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Mexican Americans

• Cesar Chavez (died 1993) Co-Founded National
  Farmer Workers Association
• Encouraged and educated Mexican and Latino
  Americans to register to vote
• Helped in the Filipino grape workers strike 1965
• Fought for fair wages and conditions for farm
  workers
• Dolores Huerta co-founded National Farmers
  Workers Assoc.

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Gay Rights Movement

• Frank Kameny fired from job as astronomer Army
  Map Service for his sexual orientation
• Started Mattachine Society with Harry Hay

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Stonewall Riots

• June 27,1969 Riots that took place in Greenwich
  Village New York between police and gays and
  lesbians after a bar was raided
• Seen as start of Gay Rights Movement
• Began to fight for the right to openly express
  their sexuality and not be banned from public
  places
• Began the Gay Liberation Front and the start of
  Gay Power/Gay Pride Movement

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Environmental Movement

• 1962 Silent Spring by biologist Rachel Carson
• Believed to have sparked the environmental
  movement
• Claimed pesticides and chemicals harmed
  environment and began to go after industry
• Attacked the use of DDT and warned against
  cancer, etc.

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How would you describe the 1960s?
Why do you think it is often called the Cultural
or Sexual Revolution in Our history?
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Have these groups successfully gained their
equality?
Where do we go from here?