Classification

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Classification

• Chapter 9

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Classification is the

• Arrangement of organisms into orderly groups
  based on their similarities

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Classifying living things makes it easier for
biologists to find the answers to many important
questions

• How many known species are there?
• What are the characteristics of each?
• What are the relationships between these species?
  

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Eight Levels of Classification

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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• Mnemonic Device

• Eight Levels of Classification

• Does
• King
• Phillip
• Come
• Over
• For
• Grape
• Soda?

• Domain
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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Taxonomy

• The science of identifying, classifying, and
  naming living things.

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Basis for Classification

• Carolus Linnaeus
• Founder of taxonomy.
• Attempted to classify all living organisms by
  their shared characteristics.

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Branching Diagrams

• Shows the evolutionary relationship between
  organisms.

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Scientific Names

• A scientific name is always the same for a
  specific organism no matter how many common names
  it might have.
• Written in Latin or Greek
• Scientific name is underlined or italicized
• All known living things have a two-part
  scientific name

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Two parts to the scientific name

• Genus
• First part of the name
• The name always begins with a capital letter

• Species
• Second part of the name
• The name always begins with a lowercase letter

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Example of a scientific name

• Elephas maximus is an Indian Elephant
• Felis leo is a lion

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Dichotomous Keys

• Aid in identifying unknown organisms
• Consists of several pairs of descriptive
  statements
• There are only two alternative responses

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• Six Kingdoms
• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• Protista
• Fungi
• Plant
• Animal