The Settlement of New England

1
The Settlement of New England
2
The Mayflower
3
Pilgrims?
vs.
Puritans?
4
Pilgrims vs. Puritans

• Many Later (1629-30)
• Upper middle class
• Educated
• Loyal
• Salem, Boston
• John Endicott, Miles Standish, John Winthrop

• Few Early (1620)
• Poor class
• Uneducated
• Separatists from state church
• Settled in Plymouth
• Wm. Bradford, Wm. Brewster

5
Sources of Puritan Migration
6
William Bradford
7
Bradford

• Leader of the separatist settlers of the Plymouth
  Colony
• Elected Governor of the Colony for 15 two-year
  terms
• Second signer and primary architect of the
  Mayflower Compact
• First to proclaim the first Thanksgiving

8
The Mayflower CompactNovember 11, 1620
9
Covenant Theology

• Covenant of Grace
• between Puritan communities and God.
• Social Covenant
• Between members of Puritan communities with each
  other.
• Required mutual watchfulness.
• No toleration of deviance or disorder.
• No privacy.

10
John Winthrop

• Led a group of Puritans from England
• Elected governor of the M.B. colony 12 total
  times
• One of the least radical Puritans, which led to
  political troubles

We shall be as a city on a hill. The eyes of all
people are upon us.
11
Colonizing New England
12
Characteristics of New England Settlements

• Low mortality ? average life expectancy was 70
  years of age.
• Many extended families.
• Average 6 children per family.
• Average age at marriage
• Women 22 years old
• Men 27 years old.

13
Patriarchy

• Authoritarian male father figures controlled each
  household.
• Patriarchal ministers and magistrates controlled
  church congregations and household patriarchs.

14
Land Division inSudbury, MA 1639-1656
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Puritan Rebels
Roger Williams
Anne Hutchinson

• Religious toleration.
• Separation of church and state.

• Threatened patriarchal control.
• Antinomialism direct revelation

Both banished by Winthrop at different times
16
Southern New EnglandIndian Tribes, 1636
17
A Pequot VillageDestroyed, 1637
18
The Pequot Wars 1636-1637
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Population of the New England Colonies
20
Population ComparisonsNew England v. the
Chesapeake
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New England Colonies, 1650