The Industrial Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution

• Life before and the how and why of the changes

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I. Life Before

• 9 of 10 people live in rural areas
• Most are subsistence farmers
• Villages all contained public lands (commons
  where people could graze cattle and gather sticks
  for fire)
• Small upper class, large lower class, small
  middle class
• ½ of people live to age 21, life expectancy 40

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Ahhhhh. Bucolic village life!
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Life Before . . .
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II. Where the Revolution Began

• Changes began in England about 1750
• Enclosure movement common lands were taken over
  for private farm use
• Production rose
• Villagers were forced to go to cities to find work

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Enclosed!
Enclosed!
Enclosed!
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III. Why the Revolution Began
Mmm! Fish Chips!

• More food more population more workers!
• Population grew from 5 million in 1700 to 40
  million in 1900
• Exploration (colonies, trade and raw materials)
  and large scale farming more money more
  investments!

Remember me???
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III. Why the Revolution Began

• Scientific Revolution led to many new
  technologies (most based on water or steam power)
• England had lots of natural resources like
• Rivers to run water mills
• Coal and iron