World War I

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World War I
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Drill 2/7

• What is Nationalism?
• Objective SWBAT Identify the causes of
  political instability in Europe leading up to
  World War I

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Drill 2/7

• Nationalism
• A belief that one should be loyal to their
  nation, not a King or Emperor
• Nation A population that shares a unique culture

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Europe

• Europe was enjoying a time of relative peace
• Nationalist movements in the 19th C had seen the
  states of Italy and Germany rise
• The Ottoman Empire was in decline leading to
  instability in the Balkan Region of Europe

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Germany rises

• Led by Otto von Bismarck
• Germany would become an independent state in 1871
• He would be the first Chancellor of the German
  Empire

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Problems with France

• Fearing French revenge from a previous conflict
  Bismarck tries to isolate France
• He allies Germany with Austria-Hungary and Italy
• THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE
• He also signs a treaty with Russia

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Treaties break down

• Kaiser Wilhelm II takes control of Germany in
  1888
• He is determined to make Germany a military
  leader in Europe
• The treaty with Russia lapses in 1890
• Russia allies herself with France
• Russia and A-H can now openly compete for the
  Balkans

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Europe Reacts

• Great Britain is alarmed at German aggression
• Allies herself with France and Russia
• THE TRIPLE ENTENTE

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The Balkans

• Once a part of the now crumbling Ottoman Empire
• Russia and Austria compete for land
• Austria, the stronger and better positioned
  nation, takes control of the Northern states
  (Bosnia, Montenegro)

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The Balkans

• Nationalist feelings run VERY high in the region
• Many do not like the fact that Austria controls
  many Northern states
• The fragile alliances would be put to the test
• Complete the Section 1 Assessment Questions 1-2

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Summary

• Your book ends the section with
• The machinery of war had been set in motion.
• What does that mean?

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Drill 2/8

• Which three countries were part of the Triple
  Alliance?
• Which Three were members of the Triple Entente?
• What was the spark that sent the continent into
  war?

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Drill 1/8

• The Triple Alliance
• Austria-Hungary, Germany and Italy
• The Triple Entente
• Great Britain, France and Russia

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Objective

• Students will identify the immediate effects the
  assassination of Franz Ferdinand had on Europe
  and the beginnings of WWI

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The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

• By the coward Gavrilo Princip

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Franz Ferdinand

• askfjb

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Drill 2/11

• What was the Schlieffen Plan?
• Why did Italy break with the Triple Alliance and
  fight with the Allies?

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• The Schlieffen Plan
• The German army would race west, defeat France
  the return East to fight Russia
• Italy was opposed to Germanys invasion of
  Belgium and therefore broke the treaty

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Objective

• Students will be able to review the techniques
  and technology used during World War I

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In the Trenches

• This is TRENCH WARFARE
• Static lines of defense dug into the Earth

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Trench Warfare

• Very old technique but most commonly associated
  with WWI
• Scenes of trenches would become the most famous
  pictures of the war

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Trench Warfare

• Trenches were dug in a zig-zag manner
• The front is called a parapet
• With a fire-step to stand on
• The space between trenches no-mans land

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Life in the trenches

• 56 of soldiers fighting in WWI received some
  form of injury
• The mortality rate was about 10
• Less than 5 for WWII
• Trench warfare meant that thousands of soldiers
  were killed for very modest land gains

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Life in the Trenches

• Hygiene was poor
• Disease and bacterial infection killed many
  soldiers
• Diseases were given names like Trench Mouth and
  Trench Foot
• There was little time to bury the dead

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The Western Front

• The most violent fighting of the War was along
  this border
• France, Belgium and Germany
• Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of
  the war and casualties were high

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Classwork

• Complete the Geography Activity on the battle of
  the Somme (s-aw-m)
• HW, Due WEDNESDAY
• CH13.2 Questions 1-4

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Summary

• Was Trench Warfare an effective means of taking
  land and pressing into enemy territory?

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Drill 2/13

• Identify The Western Front.
• Where was it?
• What countries bordered it?
• Why is it important?

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The Western Front

• The most violent fighting of the War was along
  this border
• France, Belgium and Germany
• Opposing forces were deadlocked here for most of
  the war and casualties were high

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Objective

• SWBAT Identify and explain the impact of new
  technology in World War I

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A 19th Century War in the 20th Century

• One of the reasons WHY WWI was such a destructive
  conflict was the introduction of new tech to the
  battlefield

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Tanks

• First developed by the British
• Later the French, Americans and Germans got
  involved
• Could only move as fast as footspeed in most
  occasions

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Tanks British Mk.1

• More designed as troop carriers than actual
  weapons at first
• More maneuverable tanks would make trench warfare
  obsolete

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Airplanes

• Aviation was still very new
• Planes were light and would only seat one, maybe
  two people
• The one person fighter planes were the most common

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Typical one-seated fighter. The Machine gun
mounting would cause problems as it fires
directly into the propeller causing instability
and damage.
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Poison Gas

• Today poison gasses are not used in legitimate
  warfare
• There were no such laws then
• Most are called Blister Agents
• The Gas basically burns the skin and organs as it
  is inhaled.

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Drill 2/14

• Name three technologic advances during WWI
• Tanks
• Airplanes
• Poison Gas
• Submarines

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Objective

• Students will be able to identify major events of
  World War I and place them on a timeline

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The World at War

• Should the US get involved?
• Most Americans said NO!
• It wasnt our war
• Had no real connection to the conflict
• In actuality, among the people, there was a lot
  of German sympathies
• Many immigrants from central/ eastern Europe

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Two Incidents lead America to War

• The Sinking of the Lusitania
• The Zimmerman Telegraph

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The Lusitania

• British luxury ocean liner
• A civilian ship

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The Lusitania

• Carrying weapons back to England
• German Submarines (U-Boats) sank the Lusitania
  May 7, 1915

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American Deaths

• 128 American civilians were killed
• Over 1,000 total deaths
• President Woodrow Wilson condemned the attack
• Germany agreed to limit their actions against
  neutral ships

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The Zimmerman Telegraph

• British intelligence intercepted a telegraph from
  German Foreign Secretary Arthur Zimmerman
• The message was supposed to go to Germanys
  ambassador in Mexico

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The Zimmerman Telegraph

• The telegraph gave instructions to the embassy to
  tell Mexican officials
• Germany will help you reconquer the land Mexico
  had lost to America
• This was the final straw
• April 2, 1917 US declared war on Germany and
  joined the allies

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CW/ HW Using Ch 13.3

• Create a timeline titled Events of World War I
  of the following events
• Archduke Franz Ferdinands assassination
• Declarations of War
• Sinking of the Lusitania
• The Interception of the Zimmerman
  Telegraph
• United States Entering the War
• Russia withdrawing
• Second Battle of Marne
• Armistice

Include DATES (Month/ Year at least) Underneath
your timeline identify the following
terms Unrestricted Submarine Warfare Total
War Armistice