Title: Tenses Vs Modal Auxiliaries
1Tenses Vs Modal Auxiliaries
2DEFINITION OF TENSES
- A tense is a form of averb and it indicatesthe
time of an action
3GRAMMETICAL STRUCTURE OF TENSES
Simple Forms Progressive Forms Perfect Forms Perfect Progressive Forms
Present A/V base form H/V do/does S/v is/am/are or has/have A/V present participle H/V is/am/are S/v N/A A/V past participle H/V has/have S/v been or had A/V present participle H/V has been have been S /v N/A
Past A/V Past form H/V did S/v was/were or had A/V present participle H/V was/were S/v N/A A/V past participle H/V had S/v been or had A/V present participle H/V had been S /v N/A
Future A/V base form H/V will S/v be or have A/V present participle H/V will S/v N/A A/V past participle H/V will S/v been or had N/A
4PRESENT TENSES
- DEFINITION -
- A verb used to show that an action takes place at
present is said to be in the PRESENT TENSES
5PRESENT TENSES
- PRESENT INDEFINATE
- PRESENT CONTINOUS
- PRESENT PERFECT
- PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS
6 7USES
- Every day activities
- Repeated Action
- News Paper Headlines
- Past Short Stories
- Feelings, Thoughts, believes
- Habitual Action
- Permanent Situation
- Present Constant State etc
8EVERY DAY ACTIVITIES
- EXAMPLES
- I take break fast 8 oclock.
- I go to school
-
9REPEATED ACTION
- EXAMPLES
- We play table tennis every Thursday.
- I watch television most weekand.
10NEWS PAPER HEADLINES
- EXAMPLES
- Pakistan win final.
- Bomb blast in Abdullah shah ghazi.
11PAST SHORT STORIES
- EXAMPLES
- India attack Pakistan in 1956.
- I visit zoo last time in 2005.
12FEELINGS, THOUTHGHTS, BELIEVE
- EXAMPLES
- Mathews love sports.
- I hate quiz programs.
13HABITUAL ACTION
- EXAMPLES
- I run slowly.
- He walk early in the morning.
14PERMANENT SITUATION
- EXAMPLES
- The sun rise in the east.
- Computer invention is wonder of modern science.
15PRESENT CONSTANT STATE etc
- EXAMPLES
- The flat is clean.
- That man is idiot.
16PRESENT CONTINOUS
If the verb shows an actionThat is going on in
the presentTime then it is a continuoustense
17USES
- PRESENT UN FINISHED ACTION
- PRESENT GOING ON ACTION
- MIDDLE OF AN ACTION
- DECIDED FUTURE
18PRESENT UN FINISHED ACTION
- EXAMPLES
- I am doing an interior designing course.
- Ali doing his air force training.
19PRESENT GOING ON ACTION
- EXAMPLE
- She is writing on the blackboard
- We trying to understanding functional english.
20MIDDLE OF AN ACTION
- EXAMPLES
- I am stilled writing my home work.
21DECIDED FUTURE
- EXAMPLES
- I am going university tomorrow.
- Ali going America next week.
22PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
- DEFINATION
- If the verb denotes an actionWhich has been
completed then itIs a present tense
23USES
- EXAMPLES
- She has broken her bicycle
- The flights have not taken off
- Has she finished her homework?
24PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
- DEFINATION
- Present perfect continuous is used for indicate
complete action
25- EXAMPLES
- It has been raining for two hours.
- Have they been talking since meeting ended?
- She has not been working As a designer for 3
years .
26 27PAST TENSE
- A verb used to show that an action was completed
in the past is said to be in the past tense
28PAST TENSES
- PAST INDEFINATE
- PAST CONTINOUS
- PAST PERFECT
- PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS
29PAST INDEFINATE
- EXAMPLES
- Yesterday I saw santa in my dream
- Ram didnt go to school because he was sick
30PAST CONTINOUS
- I was talking to my friend on telephone the thief
stole the jewellery .
31PAST PERFECT
- EXAMPLES
- He had got the batch neat kid of the week
yesterday . - The train had not left the station before I
reached there . - Had the teacher finished writing before the
principle came.
32PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS
- EXAMPLES
- This painter had been painting the pictures for
last two years . - This singer had not been learning music
- For last one year .
- Had this man is learning weightlifting For last
six years.
33 34FUTURE TENSE
- If the verb expresses an action that will be done
in the Future ,then it is a future tense .
35FUTURE TENSE
- FUTURE INDEFINATE
- FUTURE CONTINOUS
- FUTURE PERFECT
36FUTURE INDEFINATE
- EXAMPLES
- One day ,I will be the rock star .
- We will meet soon .
- Will I be on the top of the world .
37FUTURE CONTINUOUS
- EXAMPLES
- Ram will be going to his home .
- Mohan will not be reading, he will be playing .
- Will teacher be teaching in the class?
38FUTURE PREFECT
- EXAMPLES
- Meow will have eaten the bird .
- Sohan will not have finished his homework before
mira comes. - Will I have finished my song till 9 o clock?
39Modal Auxiliaries
- Definition of MODAL AUXILIARY
- an auxiliary verb (as can, must, might, may)
that is characteristically used with a verb of
predication and expresses a modal modification
and that in English differs formally from other
verbs in lacking -s and - ing forms - First Known Use of MODAL AUXILIARY
- circa 1904
40Modal Auxiliaries
- CAN
- Could
- Be able to
- May
- Might
41STRUCTURE
SIMPLE CONTINUES PERFECT
Present Subject can base form Past Subject could base form Future Subject will be able to base form Subjectcan be present participle Subject couldbe present participle Subject have/hasbeen able to base form
42CAN
- Use Examples
- ability to do something
- In the present (to be able to) I can speak
English. - permission to do something
- In the present (to be allowed to) Can I go to
the cinema? - Request Can you wait a moment, please?
- offer I can lend you my car till tomorrow.
- Suggestion Can we visit Grandma at the weekend?
- Possibility It can get very hot in Arizona.
43COULD
- Â Use Examples
- ability to do something
- In the PAST simple I could walk
when I was two. - Permission to do something
- In the Past continues I could
be going to the movies when I - I was a teenager.
- polite question Could I go to the cinema,
please? - polite request Could you wait a moment, please?
- polite offer I could lend you my car till
tomorrow. - polite suggestion Could we visit Grandma at the
weekend? - possibility It could get very hot in Montana.
44BE ABLE TO
- Use Examples
- ability to do something
- In the FUTURE simple
- I will be able to walk .
- Permission to do something
I will be able to
go cinema for watch movie .
45STRUCTURE
SIMPLE CONTINUES PERFECT
Present/future Subject may/might base form Past Subject may/might have past participle Subject may/might be present participle Subject may/might havebeen present participle
46MAY
- Use Examples
- Possibility in the present/future. It
may rain today. - To do something
- in the past
- (substitute form to be allowed to) I May have
going to the -
cinema - polite suggestion I May have been helping
- in the past
you
47MIGHT
- Possibility It might rain tomorrow
- in the present/future.
- (less possible than MAY)
-
- In the past (not very common)
- Might I Might have borrow your pen.
- or
- I May have been helping you
48STRUCTURE
SIMPLE CONTINUES PERFECT
Present/future Subject must/should base form Past Subject must/shouldhavepast prticiple or Subject had to base form
49MUST
- Necessity must
- I must go to the supermarket today.
- Must (strong obligation to do something)
- We must talk about it
- You must have a valid drivers license.
- Strong Possibility (95 sure)
- Youve been driving for 10 hours.
- You must be tired.
50SHOULD
- Advice (its good its a good idea / not good
to do or bad idea) - You should
exercise. - You shouldnt
smoke. - Should ( obligation to do something)
- We should talk about it
- You should have a valid drivers license
- In past She should not have argued in
the - last
class.
51STRUCTURE
SIMPLE CONTINUES PERFECT
Present Subject have to /has to base form Past Subject had to / base form Future Subject will have to base form Subjectis/am/are having to base form Subjectwas/were having to base form Subject have/has had to / base form Subject had had to / base form
52HAVE TO
- Necessity have to in present simple/future
- I have to go to the supermarket today.
- In present continues
- I am having to go to the supermarket today
- In present perfect
- I have had to go to the supermarket today
- Strong Possibility (95 sure)
- You have to be tired