Verbs and Auxiliaries

1
Verbs and Auxiliaries

• Verbs show action or existence.
• Helping verbs show mood.

2
What kinds of verbs are there?

• First, action verbs show movement
• Teachers usually talk a lot.
• Students listen to their lectures.
• Some action verbs seem inactive
• Good teachers like their students.
• Good students want to study.

How much action can the gal get?
3
What are verbs of existence?

• Existence verbs indicate being
• Information exists online.
• Were you home last night?
• They can also show state or condition
• Are you OK?
• Angelica is eighteen this year.

So what keeps you inside the box?
4
Then what are linking verbs?

• Linking verbs show sense, such as look, sound,
  smell, etc
• You look pleased did you get a high score on the
  quiz?
• The potatoes smell good are they ready yet?
• Verbs like seem, appear, and become are also
  linking verbs.

What kind of look does the boy want?
5
What are causative verbs?

• Causative verbs tell the action needed to make
  another action to happen
• The lecture made us think about correct grammar.
• The DSC Writing Center helped me to do homework.
• Notice that objects (here us and me) follow
  causatives.

Do you others make you do anything odd?
6
What are verb tenses?

• Verb tenses show the time aspect of any action
• In writing class, we study grammar.
• You learned that past tense is usually verb ed.
• Main verbs always tell their time, but verbals
  dont.

What time is the tourist talking about?
7
What are irregular past verbs?

• Irregular verbs do not show the past with the ed
  ending
• The teacher spoke for hours.
• So the students wrote for hours.
• Yet many irregulars end in t or d
• He spent it all.
• We lost the game.

Is the babys act irregular?
8
What then are verbals?

• Verbals are not main verbs, but only helpers.
• They are participles
• We are learning more about English.
• They are infinitives
• We are learning to understand verbals.
• They are also gerunds
• Learning all this is complicated.

Is the little boy verbally confused?
9
What are participle verb forms?

• Participles are verbals acting as adjectives.
• Present participles end in ing
• The computer is running.
• Past participles usually end in en or ed
• Computers are run by electricity.
• A confusing student and a confused one are in
  different conditions!

Has there been a misunderstanding?
10
Can you use participles well?

• Use exciting / excited, amazing / amazed
• studying / studied,
• surprising/ surprised
• __ carefully for exams makes a big difference.
• __ people ran from the terrorist bombs.
• __ results occur when people try hard enough.
• __ by the phone call, Erik went home early.

Is the pesky guy about to be removing or removed?
11
What are infinitive verb forms?

• Infinitive verbals are the base verbs plus to
• It is a bad idea to sleep in any class.
• Infinitives can show purpose
• We go to college to prepare for careers.
• Infinitive verbals can also function as nouns
• To learn necessary information is our main goal
  here.

What is the purpose of rush hour?
12
Can you use verbals correctly?

• Use to change, changing, to attend, attending,
  to work, working, planning, plan to.
• Do you __ graduate from college next year?
• Can you imagine __ a different college?
• Will you avoid __ in a boring job?
• Do you ever wish __ your college major?

Is it work to watch TV?
13
What are modals auxiliaries?

• Modals like will, can, and must add to the
  meaning of verbs.
• Which of these words do you think are also
  examples of modals?
• May
• Shall
• Have

What does the little train think that he can do?
14
Do you know how will is used?

• Match the uses of will
• desire
• promise
• plan
• __1. I will learn English very well.
• __2. We will end on time.
• __3. Come over tonight, and I we will go riding.

Is the fortune teller practical?
15
Do you know how shall is used?

• Match the uses of shall
• desire
• promise
• plan
• __1. I shall learn piano.
• __2. We shall start our work on time today.
• __3. Come over tonight, and I we shall eat.

Does the lady think the diamond expert shall tell
her future?
16
Do you know how can is used?

• Match the uses of can
• know how to
• be able to
• probably will
• __1. I can see you here tomorrow morning.
• __2. We can use all of these computers.
• __3. They have money to take a week of vacation.

Can the US troops escape easily from Iraq?
17
Do you know how might is used?

• Match the uses of might
• possible
• permission
• hope
• __1. You might score 100 on the next quiz.
• __2. Students might obtain a campus email
  account.
• __3. They might have money to take a cruise.

What might the birds do?
18
Can you understand modals?

• Match uses of modals
• obligation
• desirability
• probability
• __1. Jose Rodriquez would like to find a better
  job one day.
• __2. He works in a mill, but he should go to
  college.
• __3. Some day he will get married, and then he
  ought to take care of his family.

Should the boy talk to girls for himself?