Israeli/Palestinian Conflict- Timeline

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Israeli/Palestinian Conflict- Timeline
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1250 B.C.
The Israelites (Jews or Hebrews) settle in Canaan
(part of modern day Israel) after having fled
slavery by the Egyptians.
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1000 B.C.
The Philistines battle the Israelites for control
over Canaan. King David conquers the Philistine
armies and makes Jerusalem the capital of the
kingdom of Israel. His son, King Solomon, built
the Holy Temple in Jerusalem which is later
destroyed.
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135 A.D.
Roman Emperor Hadrian expels the Jews out of
Jerusalem and renamed the area Palaestina after
the Philistines.
Rome
Most Jews fled Israel and settled in areas in
Eastern Europe. By this time Christianity had
begun and was spreading in the Middle East and
into Europe.
Israel becomes Known as Palestine.
Roman Empire
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600 A.D.
The prophet Muhammad establishes the religion of
Islam. Muslim armies move down from Arabia and
conquer most of the Middle East including
Palestine. The area becomes mostly Arab and
Muslim.
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1930s
Persecution by Nazi Germany drives many Jews to
move to Palestine. This Zionist movement called
for Jews to return to their homeland.
Palestinians resist the return of Jews to the
region.
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1940s
Palestine is a mandate of Britain. British
forces occupy the area and try to keep peace
between Arab Palestinians and Jewish Israelis.
Pressure rises for an Israeli state to be
established and it goes before the United Nations
for discussion.
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1947
The United Nations created a plan to divide
Palestine into two nations- one for the Jews, and
one for the Arabs. This plan was rejected by
Arab Palestinians.
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1948
May 14, Israel is declared an independent
country. Nearby Arab countries attack in
response and war breaks out.
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1949
Israel wins the war and holds territory beyond
the former UN established borders. 750,000 Arab
Palestinians are displaced and flee to the West
Bank as refugees.
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1964
Palestinian Arabs organize the PLO (Palestinian
Liberation Organization). The PLO uses guerrilla
warfare to try to overthrow Israel.
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1967
The Six-Day War (June 5-10) took place between
Israel and the neighboring Arab states of Egypt,
Jordan, and Syria. At the war's end, Israel had
gained control of the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza
Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem, and the
Golan Heights. Israel then built settlements in
Gaza and the West Bank.
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1987-1993
The first Intifada (meaning shaking off) takes
place. The Palestinian uprising included violent
attacks, suicide bombings, civil disobedience,
and stone throwing. Violence was directed at
both Israeli military forces and civilians.
Israel responded with military force.
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September 2000

• A second Intifada erupted in the area causing
  Israel to tighten up security and place more
  restrictions on Palestinians living in the West
  Bank.
• The PLO insisted the Israeli military responded
  with excessive violence.
• Israeli military reported most Palestinian deaths
  were actually a result of PLO violence that was
  blamed on Israeli military to incite further
  rioting.

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Recently

• Many Palestinians and Israelis feel both nations
  could exist together and share the land. However
  there are many remaining issues that need to be
  addressed by both groups
• Mutual recognition
• Placement of borders
• Security
• Water rights
• Control of Jerusalem
• Land rights
• Legalities concerning refugees

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Leading the Fight
Hamas A paramilitary force fighting Israeli
occupation in Gaza. Hezbollah A paramilitary
group from Lebanon working against Israeli
presence in the region. They are accused by some
of using excessive violence and terrorism in
their methods but praised by others because they
also run hospitals, built schools, and provide
social services to refugees in the West Bank.
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Jerusalem Divided
Jews, Christians, Muslims, and Armenians all
share the holy city of Jerusalem. Muslims built
the Dome of the Rock and Al Aqsa Mosque on the
site where the ancient Jewish Temple had been.