Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict

1
Timeline of the Arab and Israel Conflict
2
Late 1800s to WW 1

• Zionism
• Theodore Herzl, a leading Jewish sympathizer,
  states that a Jewish homeland is needed to stop
  the violence against the Jews

• Arabs (Ottoman Empire) are defeated in World War
  I by Britain, France, and USA.

3
Between the World Wars

• Britain takes control of the Palestinian area.

• Balfour Declaration
• Says Palestine is to be used for a Jewish
  homeland
• Made by Britain
• 680,000 Jews start to move to Palestine

4
(No Transcript)
5
WW II

• Hitler and the Holocaust
• Adolph Hitler comes to power in Germany
• 6 millions Jews were killed during his time in
  power all over Europe
• Equal to 2/3 of the total Jewish population in
  Europe
• Hostilities between Jews and Arabs in Palestine
  begin

6
1947-1948

• United Nations
• An agreement is made to end hostilities between
  Arabs and Jews.
• Palestine is to be split in 2.
• 650,000 Palestinians are to be moved from Jewish
  controlled areas.
• 1948 Israel declares independence from Britain.

7
1948 War of Israel Independence

• Israel is attacked by Syria, Lebanon, Jordon,
  Egypt, and Iraq.
• Israel defeats all of the Arab countries back and
  gains more territory.

8
Suez Crisis- 1956

• Egypt attempts to control a Canal from the
  Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea to stop supplies
  getting to Israel.
• Britain and France send troops to stop Egypt.
• Israel joins in and attacks Egypt
• This heightens tensions between Egypt and Israel.

9
The PLO

• Palestine Liberation Organization
• Formed in 1964
• Aim is to free Palestine from Israeli control
  through force
• Leader is Yasir Arafat
• PLO leads many attacks on Israeli civilians and
  military

10
6 Day War- 1967

• Seeing Egypt, Syria, and Jordon are getting ready
  to attack Israel, Israel attacks all 3 countries
  at the same time.
• Israel is able to quickly defeat all three
• Israel takes land from all 3 countries
• Israel doubles in size

11
Yom Kippur War- 1973

• Egypt and Syria attack Israel on the Jewish
  holiday of Yom Kippur
• Israel again successfully defends itself with no
  changes in borders.
• Middle Eastern countries agree to stop sending
  oil to Western countries like the United States.
• Gas shortages occur
• Spill over into US and Russia
• Russia supplies Arab countries with weapons
• US supplies Israel with weapons
• Tensions rise between US and Russia

12
Peace Process Starts 1978

• Camp David Accords
• US President Jimmy Carter meets with leaders from
  Israel (Begin) and Egypt (Sadat).
• Israel agrees to give back territory to Egypt
• Egypt agrees to recognize Israels independence
• Sadat is assassinated shortly afterward by Muslim
  extremists who dont want peace.

13
Intifada 1980s

• Groups of regular Palestinian civilians begin an
  uprising against Israels military occupation.

14
Israel and Iraq- 1981

• Fearing Iraq may be making nuclear weapons,
  Israel destroys Iraqs nuclear factories.

15
Israel Invades Lebanon- 1982

• Invades because PLO headquarters is in Lebanons
  capital, Beirut
• Israels attacks to stop the PLOs attacks

16
Peace Agreement- 1988

• Israel and the PLO agree to cease-fire and for
  Israel to return to their pre 6 Day War
  boundaries.

17
Oslo Peace Process- 1993

• US President Clinton meets with Israeli leader
  Yitzhak Rabin and PLO leader Yasir Arafat.
• West Bank and Gaza Strip are to be given to
  Palestinians to run.
• Israel is promised peace

18
Rabin is Assassinated- 1995

• During a peace rally following the Oslo Accords,
  Rabin is assassinated by an Israeli militant who
  was against peace.

19
Modern Violence 1995-2005

• Second Intifada
• More violence against Israelis for their
  continued military presence in Palestinian areas.
• Israel reacts
• Israel sends troops to West Bank and Gaza
• Israel starts building fence around the Gaza Strip

20
Hezbollah in Lebanon- 2006

• An extremist group called Hezbollah takes control
  of Lebanon
• Israeli soldiers kidnapped
• Rocket attacks start
• Israel invades Lebanon to stop the attacks
• Invasion succeeds and attacks stop

21
Hamas in the Gaza Strip- Today

• In retaliation of Israels continued military
  presence in the Gaza Strip, the group Hamas
  starts launching rockets into Israel
• Israel reacts by bombing the rocket sites and
  sending troops into Gaza.