The%20Rise%20of%20Medieval%20Europe

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The Rise of Medieval Europe
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Lesson 1 Objectives

• Be able to explain the significance of rulers
  such as Charlemagne and Charles Martel.
• Be able to explain the decline in central
  authority and rise of Feudalism following
  Charlemagne.

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Lesson 1 Terms

• 1. Merovingian Kings a Dynasty of early rulers
  of the Franks.
• 2. Clovis King of the Franks, who in 481 A.D.
  converted to Christianity.

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Lesson 1 Terms

• 3. Charles Marteldefeated Islamic forces at the
  Battle of Tours, ensuring that Europe would be
  Christian.
• 4. Charlemagne The greatest king of the Franks
  and the leader who provided the foundations for a
  modern European culture.

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I. Merovingian Rulers

• During the 400s A.D., the Franks emerged as the
  strongest Germanic group their early rulers,
  known as Merovingian kings, held power until the
  early 700s.
• The real impact of the Franks upon Western Europe
  dates from 481 A. D. when Clovis took the throne
  and converted to Christianity.

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I. Merovingian Rulers

• Clovis converted believing that the Christian God
  had helped him win a battle against the Alemanni.
• When Clovis converted, his subjects, subsequently
  converted. Wars, common enough in these early
  times, became Holy Wars wars to preserve the
  Christian faith against Heretics and the Franks
  considered themselves protectors of the faith.

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I. Merovingian Rulers

• In large measure, this explains the
  christianization of Western Europe.

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I. Merovingian Rulers

• In 714 A.D., Charles Martel led the successful
  defense of Tours, France, against Muslim forces
  this victory ensured that Christianity would
  remain dominant in Europe.
• Charles Martels son Pepin the Short became the
  king of the Franks in 752 A.D. In return for the
  Churchs blessing, Pepin was expected to help the
  pope against his enemies.

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II. Charlemagnes Empire (Ruler from 771 A.D.
814 A.D.)

• In 768 A.D., Pepins son Charlemagne became the
  Frankish king Charlemagne nearly doubled the
  borders of his kingdom, which became known as the
  Frankish Empire.
• Charlemagnes empire represents the first
  European civilization the characteristic most
  often associated with Charlemagne stability.

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II. Charlemagnes Empire

• This stability was based on the bridging of
  three elements into one peaceful empire
• 1. The Roman Past
• 2. The Germanic way of life
• 3. Christianity

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II. Charlemagnes Empire

• When Charlemagne took power in 771 A.D., he
  immediately established two priorities
• Expansion(map pg. 296). Unite all Germanics
  under one kingdom.
• 2. Convert all of the people in the land he
  conquered to Christianity.

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II. Charlemagnes Empire

• If somebody gave you a very large gifthouse,
  car, etc, would you be loyal to them?
• Charlemagne began giving his warriors land so
  they could support and equip themselves. This
  created an army of warriors who were deeply
  devoted and loyal to Charlemagne.

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II. Charlemagnes Empire

• Charlemagne was a tough act to follow. When
  Charlemagne died in 814 A.D., his family could
  not hold the empire together in 843 A.D.
  Charlemagnes three grandsons agreed to divide
  the empires lands.
• What effects can a divided empire bring?

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Charlemagnes dividedEmpire
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III. Invasions Increase Disunity

• Outside invasions nearly destroyed the
  Carolingian kingdoms the most threatening
  attacks came from the Vikings, raiders from
  Scandinavia to the north.
• The Vikings were explorers, skilled in sailing
  and trading, who settled throughout Europe

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III. Invasions Increase Disunity

• The Viking raids isolated communities, severely
  weakened monarch central authority, and
  adversely affected trade.
• Their attacks, however, would cease beginning in
  the 900s A.D., because the tribes converted to
  Christianity, and a new political and social
  system, Feudalism, brought more stability to
  Western Europe.

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• Why were warriors loyal to Charlemagne?
• The Vikings were from?

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• The Vikings were a factor in this new emerging
  social system.
• 2 priorities Charlemagne established when he took
  power in 771 AD?

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• What did the victory at the Battle of Tours
  ensure for Europe?
• The characteristic most often associated with
  Charlemagne?

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• What caused Charlemagne's Empire to collapse
  after he died?
• Who led the successful Battle of Tours against
  Muslim forces?

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• During the 400's AD, the Franks emerged as the
  most powerful?
• The real impact on the Franks was when what
  person took the throne and converted to
  Christianity?