Chapter 11 Section 4

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Chapter 11 Section 4

• Conflict
• With
• Mexico

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Mexico under Diaz

• Mexico was in a poor state after almost 66 years
  of war and unrest when Mexican president Porfirio
  Diaz came into power in 1877
• Diazs first goal was to establish order, which
  he did by crushing or controlling his opponents
• Impressed with Diazs success foreign investors
  poured millions of dollars into building Mexicos
  industries.
• Even with all the dollars pouring in Mexican
  workers and peasants did not see any of it and
  continued to live in poverty

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Porfirio Diaz
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The Mexican Revolution

• Using force and fraud Diaz won re-election
• Meanwhile Emiliano Zapata led a rebel army
  demanding land for the American Indian population
• a wealthy land owner named Francisco Madero
  sparked ideas and rallied unified the various
  opposing rebels
• This began the Mexican Revolution that brought an
  end to the Diaz reign
• Madero was easily elected president
• In trying to establish a democratic government
  Madero became overwhelmed by the forces that he
  had unleashed to bring down Diaz

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Zapata Madero
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Continued.

• Many people died until Maderos commanding Led by
  Diazs nephew a rebellion began against Madero
• War broke out in Mexico city
• general Victoriano Huerta took control of the
  government, restored calm and had Madero arrested
  
• Four major revolutionary forces continued to
  fight Huerta
• However, their leaders Venustiano Carranza,
  Francisco Pancho Villa, Emilliano Zapata and
  Alvaro Obregon were not united

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Pancho Villa (I dont know who the other guy is)
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U.S. Intervention

• Outraged by Maderos murder, Woodrow Wilson
  refused to recognize Huerta
• Wilson was waiting for an excuse to drive Huerta
  from power
• Wilson got his chance when several navy crew
  members were arrested on the island of Tampico
• The Americans were quickly released unharmed and
  an apology was issued
• But Wilson asked Congress to approve the use of
  force against Mexico
• Congress approved but events in Mexico changed

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The Occupation of Veracruz

• Before the U.S. could act, Wilson learned of a
  German ship carrying arms to Huerta heading to
  Veracruz
• U.S. forces stopped the ship and the marines
  landed at Veracruz but Huerta already vacated the
  city
• At this time Argentina, Brazil and Chile called a
  conference that called for Huertas resignation
• Huerta refused at first but as his enemies closed
  in on him, he fled to resigned and fled to Spain

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The Revolution Winds Down

• By early 1915 Mexico was in chaos Panch Villa and
  Emiliano Zapita controlled almost 2/3 of the
  country
• In March Venustiano Carranza re-entered Mexico
  city. He promised to protect American lives and
  property
• Carranzas general, Alvaro Obregon, defeated
  Villas troops
• The U.S. recognition of Carranza had upset Villa
  and he decided to take revenge on Americans
• In March 1916 Villa and his troops crossed the
  border into New Mexico and attacked the city of
  Columbia

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Carranza Obregon
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Pursuing Pancho Villa

• Without discussion with Carranza President Wilson
  ordered an expedition into Mexico to capture
  Villa dead or alive
• Villa continued to elude the forces of general
  John J. Pershing
• Not wanting to risk war the President ordered
  troops withdrawn in 1917
• With Villa in hiding and Zapata contained in the
  south, Carranza put a new constitution in effect
• The constitution placed the interests of common
  welfare above individual rights and protected the
  workers

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Review Questions
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