CELLULAR

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Chapter 8
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
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I. Aerobic Respirationdefinition cells
aerobically harvesting energy from food
molecules. The steps to do this include--

• Glycolysis
• Acetyl CoA formation
• Krebs cycle
• Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative
  Phosphorylation

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II. Energy storage ATP

1. Mechanical Work
2. Chemical Work
3. Transport Work

1. Respiration
2. Photosynthesis

C6H12O6 6O2 6H2O 6CO2 12H2O
energy(ATP)
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III. Redox Reactions

• A. Oxidation the loss of electrons and energy
• B. Reduction the gain of electrons and energy
• oxidation
• NaCl Na Cl-
• reduction
• In living systems electrons are almost always
• accompanied by
  protons (H).
• XH2 NAD X NADH H

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• C. Electron carrying molecules
• 1. Hydrogen acceptors
• a. NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
• b. FAD flavin adenine dinucleotide
• 2. Electrons acceptors
• a. Cytochromes (proteins)

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IV. Glycolysis

• Occurs in the cytosol of cells

• Media Clip
• Glycolysis
• Web Animation

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• The fate of pyruvate

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V. Acetyl CoA formation
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VI. Krebs Cycle

• Occurs in the matrix of a mitochondrion

• Media Clips
• Krebs Cycle Reactions
• Krebs Telecourse
• Web Animation

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VII. Electron Transport Chain, Oxidative
Phosphorylation, and Chemiosmosis

• Occurs in the inner membrane

• Media Clip
• Web Animation

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ATP Synthase 2
Click Computer for an interactive web page on
respiration
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VIII. Overall Energy Yield
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IX. Control of Respiration
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X. Catabolism of Various Foods
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XI. Fermentation

• An anaerobic process
• Glycolysis will stop without an available source
  of NAD
• Therefore without oxygen present for the electron
  transport system to regenerate NAD, you need
• Alcoholic fermentation (yeast and bacteria)
• Lactic acid fermentation (muscles and fungi)

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